{"id":49443,"date":"2022-12-02T09:23:02","date_gmt":"2022-12-02T09:23:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.metos.global\/?page_id=49443"},"modified":"2026-05-04T09:39:24","modified_gmt":"2026-05-04T09:39:24","slug":"disease-models-coffee","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/metos.global\/tr\/disease-models-coffee\/","title":{"rendered":"Hastal\u0131k modelleri - kahve"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"49443\" class=\"elementor elementor-49443\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8403365 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8403365\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9cd29c6\" data-id=\"9cd29c6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f970ebc elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f970ebc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-coffee.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-49445\" alt=\"Hastal\u0131k Modelleri - kahve\" srcset=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-coffee.png 1920w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-coffee-300x55.png 300w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-coffee-1024x187.png 1024w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-coffee-768x140.png 768w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-coffee-1536x280.png 1536w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-coffee-18x3.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ed078ea elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ed078ea\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-41dae9f\" data-id=\"41dae9f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fbeca8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fbeca8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Kahve <\/b>hastal\u0131k modelleri\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-66f8c04 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"66f8c04\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c6255b8\" data-id=\"c6255b8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee2b6c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ee2b6c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#coffee-leaf-rust\">KAHVE YAPRA\u011eI PASI -<\/br><em>Hemelia vastatrix<\/em><\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-040c405\" data-id=\"040c405\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d317e07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d317e07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#coffee-berry-disease\">KAHVE MEYVESI HASTALI\u011eI -<\/br><em>Colletotrichum coffeanum<\/em><\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1ebb499\" data-id=\"1ebb499\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-035a119 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"035a119\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#coffee-bacterial-blight-of-coffee\">KAHVENIN BAKTERIYEL YANIKLI\u011eI -<\/br><em>Pseudomonas siringie cv. garciae <\/em><\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8d4404f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8d4404f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c7cf217\" data-id=\"c7cf217\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e10711 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4e10711\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#coffee-pesticide-wash-off\">PEST\u0130S\u0130T<\/br>YIKAMA KAPALI<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dd1e031\" data-id=\"dd1e031\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1791590\" data-id=\"1791590\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a2a43dc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a2a43dc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-699ef13\" data-id=\"699ef13\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c081b0 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4c081b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"#recommended-equipment\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">\u00d6nerilen ekipman<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ceee341 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ceee341\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-358568e\" data-id=\"358568e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb766c2 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"eb766c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d71d572 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d71d572\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-934689d\" data-id=\"934689d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60c0a84 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"60c0a84\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"coffee-leaf-rust\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ab1ecf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8ab1ecf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kahve yapra\u011f\u0131 pas\u0131<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d917046 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d917046\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2771bce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2771bce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kahve Yapra\u011f\u0131 Pas\u0131 neden olur\u00a0<em>Hemelia vastatrix<\/em> en iyi bilinen kahve hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lk olarak 1861 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kenya'n\u0131n Victoria G\u00f6l\u00fc b\u00f6lgesinde tespit edilmi\u015ftir. 1869 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sri Lanka'da (eski Seylan) g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve Hawaii'deki ekim alanlar\u0131 hari\u00e7 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyadaki kahve ekim alanlar\u0131na yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><h3>Semptomlar<\/h3><p>Yapraklar\u0131n alt taraf\u0131nda sar\u0131 ila turuncu tozlu lekeler, \u00fcst taraf\u0131nda ise buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen klorotik yamalar g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bunlar ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta sadece 2-3 mm \u00e7ap\u0131ndad\u0131r, ancak giderek geni\u015fler ve sonunda birka\u00e7 santimetre \u00e7apa ula\u015fabilir. Gen\u00e7 lezyonlar sporulasyon olu\u015fmadan \u00f6nce k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck klorotik lekeler olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir. Daha ya\u015fl\u0131 lezyonlar\u0131n merkezleri nekrotik hale gelir ve sporlanan b\u00f6lge en d\u0131\u015ftaki b\u00f6lgeyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kal\u0131r.<\/p><p>Pas\u0131n en \u00f6nemli etkisi yaprak d\u00f6k\u00fclmesine neden olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Belirtiler enfeksiyondan 2 ila 3 hafta sonra g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Sporlanma 2 ila 8 hafta sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p><h3>Kahve Yapra\u011f\u0131 Pas Enfeksiyonu<\/h3><p>Uredosporlar\u0131n ihtiyac\u0131\u00a0<u>\u00fccretsiz su<\/u>\u00a0\u00e7imlenmek ve apressoria olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in. \u00c7imlenme iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak 2 ila 10 saat i\u00e7inde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. Apressoria olu\u015fumu optimum ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda 6 saatten az s\u00fcrer. En az 22 ila 24 saat sonra enfeksiyon s\u00fcreci tamamlanm\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p><p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Enfeksiyon i\u00e7in Gereklilikler<\/span><\/p><ul><li>Yaprak Islakl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/li><li>Karanl\u0131k<\/li><li>Hava S\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 15\u00b0C ile 28\u00b0C aras\u0131nda<\/li><li>Optimum Hava S\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 22\u00b0C ila 25\u00b0C'dir<\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Kahve Yapra\u011f\u0131 Pas Enfeksiyonu Modeli<\/span><\/p><p>Zay\u0131f, orta ve \u015fiddetli Enfeksiyonlar\u0131n ilerleyi\u015fini g\u00f6sterir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki grafik Sabukia Kenya'da 7 ve 8 Mart tarihlerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir enfeksiyonu g\u00f6stermektedir. Yaprak \u0131slakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u015fiddetli bir Enfeksiyonu tamamlayacak kadar uzun s\u00fcrmedi\u011fi durumlarda zay\u0131f bir enfeksiyon tamamlanm\u0131\u015f ve orta dereceli bir enfeksiyon neredeyse tamamlanm\u0131\u015f olabilir.<\/p><p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Kahve Yapra\u011f\u0131 Pas\u0131 Enfeksiyon \u015eiddeti<\/span><\/p><p>Bir enfeksiyonun ciddiyeti, enfeksiyona ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fir:<\/p><ul><li>Spor Miktar\u0131<\/li><li>Sporlar\u0131n Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/li><li>Verilen yaprak \u0131slakl\u0131k s\u00fcresi boyunca \u00e7imlenen ve enfekte olan sporlar\u0131n oran\u0131.<\/li><\/ul><p>Sporlar\u0131n miktar\u0131na hava durumu verilerine dayanarak eri\u015filemez. Spor da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in r\u00fczgar ve ya\u011fmur fakt\u00f6r\u00fcne sahibiz. Kuru bir atmosferde sporlar r\u00fczgar taraf\u0131ndan da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Bir ya\u011fmur f\u0131rt\u0131nas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda s\u0131\u00e7rayan ya\u011fmur, en \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc olanlar olabilecek yeni olu\u015fan sporlar\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tacakt\u0131r.<\/p><p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Kahve Yapra\u011f\u0131 Pas\u0131 Enfeksiyon \u015eiddet Modeli<\/span><br \/>Bir enfeksiyonun ciddiyeti \u015fu \u015fekilde hesaplan\u0131r:<\/p><ul><li>Enfeksiyon s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya\u011fmur toplam\u0131<\/li><li>Zay\u0131f, orta veya \u015fiddetli bir Enfeksiyon ise<\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">FieldClimate Kahve Yapra\u011f\u0131 Pas\u0131 \u015eiddet Modeli a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki karar sistemini kullan\u0131r:<\/span><\/p><ul><li>CLRsevere=100% ve rainsum &gt;= 5 ise CLRseverity := 5 else<\/li><li>CLRmoderate=100% ve rainsum &gt;= 10 ise CLRseverity := 5 else<\/li><li>CLRsevere=100% ve rainsum &gt; 2 ise CLRseverity := 4 else<\/li><li>CLRmoderate=100% ve rainsum &gt;= 5 ise CLRseverity := 4 else<\/li><li>CLRsevere=100% ise CLRseverity := 3 else<\/li><li>CLRmoderate=100% ve rainsum &gt;= 2 ise CLRseverity := 3 else<\/li><li>CLRweek=100% ve rainsum &gt;= 10 ise CLRseverity := 3 else<\/li><li>CLRmoderate=100% ise CLRseverity := 2 else<\/li><li>CLRweek=100% ve rainsum &gt;= 2 ise CLRseverity := 2 else<\/li><li>e\u011fer CLRweek=100% ise CLRseverity := 1 else CLRseverity:=0<\/li><\/ul><h3>Kahve Yapra\u011f\u0131 Pas\u0131 Enfeksiyon \u015eiddet Modeli<\/h3><p>Kenya, Sabukia'da 7 ve 8 Mart tarihlerinde kahve yaprak pas\u0131 enfeksiyonunun \u015fiddeti 2 olarak de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. Sadece zay\u0131f bir enfeksiyon vard\u0131 ve 2 mm'den fazla ya\u011fmur ya\u011f\u0131yordu.<br \/>G\u00fcnl\u00fck de\u011ferlere bakmak durum hakk\u0131nda daha iyi bir genel bak\u0131\u015f sa\u011flayabilir. Bu grafik, Bakteriyel Yan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Yay\u0131lma potansiyeli ile birlikte Kahve Yaprak Pas\u0131 ve Kahve meyvesi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sevirite de\u011ferini g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu veriler yine Sabukia, Kenya'dan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eubat ay\u0131n\u0131n ikinci haftas\u0131nda baz\u0131 Kahve Yapra\u011f\u0131 Pas\u0131 Enfeksiyonlar\u0131 ve \u015eubat ay\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc haftas\u0131ndan itibaren daha y\u00fcksek \u015fiddet derecelerine sahip Kahve Yapra\u011f\u0131 Pas\u0131 Enfeksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n daha y\u00fcksek oranda g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6rebiliyoruz.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6ab0f8e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6ab0f8e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-88f33ce\" data-id=\"88f33ce\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c2913d elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"0c2913d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9bb69ec elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9bb69ec\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-eebf96a\" data-id=\"eebf96a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f1714d elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"1f1714d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"coffee-berry-disease\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cec59e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cec59e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kahve meyvesi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-669c4f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"669c4f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-893e8c4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"893e8c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kahve Meyvesi Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 neden olur\u00a0<em>Colletotrichum coffeanum<\/em> Kenya'da 1922 y\u0131l\u0131nda tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Mantar kahve a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n kabu\u011funda ya\u015far ve kahve kirazlar\u0131na sald\u0131ran sporlar \u00fcretir. \u0130la\u00e7lama, kahve meyvesi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131nman\u0131n en iyi yolu olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p><h3>Kahve Berry Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 Enfeksiyon \u015eiddeti Modeli<\/h3><p>Bu patojen kahve bitkisinin yapraklar\u0131n\u0131, g\u00f6vde kabu\u011funu ve dallar\u0131n\u0131 enfekte edebilmesine ra\u011fmen, sadece kahve bitkisinin su\u015fu veya t\u00fcr\u00fc\u00a0<em>Colletotrichum<\/em>\u00a0olgunla\u015fmam\u0131\u015f veya ye\u015fil meyveleri enfekte edebilen CBD'nin etken organizmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7i\u00e7ek ve gen\u00e7 meyve enfeksiyonu sonucu do\u011frudan kay\u0131plar meydana gelir. Ye\u015fil meyvelerdeki CBD'nin iki \u015fekli vard\u0131r. Aktif lezyonlar ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck koyu \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fck lekeler olarak belirgindir ve h\u0131zla yay\u0131larak meyvenin tamam\u0131n\u0131 kaplar. Enfeksiyon erken ortaya \u00e7\u0131karsa ve iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131 hastal\u0131k geli\u015fimini destekliyorsa, meyve geli\u015fimi durur ve meyve dal\u0131nda mumyala\u015fm\u0131\u015f meyvelerle sonu\u00e7lan\u0131r.<\/p><h3><strong>Kahve Berry Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 Enfeksiyonu<\/strong><\/h3><p>\u00c7i\u00e7ekler, soluk ye\u015fil a\u00e7\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f ba\u015faktan itibaren t\u00fcm geli\u015fim a\u015famalar\u0131nda hassast\u0131r. Olgunla\u015fmam\u0131\u015f meyve veya meyveler, \u00e7i\u00e7eklenmeden 4-14 hafta sonra meydana gelen geni\u015fleme a\u015famas\u0131nda en hassast\u0131r. Daha erken meyve a\u015famalar\u0131 veya toplu i\u011fne ba\u015f\u0131 meyveler ve olgun ye\u015fil fasulye olduk\u00e7a diren\u00e7lidir, meyveler olgunla\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tekrar duyarl\u0131 hale gelir. Patojen kolayca sporlan\u0131r ve lezyon y\u00fczeyinde soluk pembe bir kabukla kendini g\u00f6sterir. Meyveler olgunla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve antraknoz tamamen geli\u015fti\u011finde, fasulye enfekte olabilir ve tohumla ta\u015f\u0131nabilir.<\/p><p>Sporlar \u00e7imlenerek germ t\u00fcpleri ve appressoria \u00fcretir.\u00a0<u>\u00fccretsiz su<\/u>\u00a0Enfeksiyon mandallar\u0131 y\u00fczey k\u00fctik\u00fcl\u00fcne n\u00fcfuz etmek i\u00e7in ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.\u00a0<u>Optimum S\u0131cakl\u0131k 22\u00b0C ila 27\u00b0C aras\u0131ndad\u0131r<\/u>\u00a0\u015furadan ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilir\u00a0<u>10\u00b0C ila 30\u00b0C.<\/u>\u00a0Enfeksiyon, CBD'nin tipik siyah bat\u0131k antraknoz lezyonlar\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta inok\u00fclasyondan yakla\u015f\u0131k 1 hafta sonra ve meyveler i\u00e7in en fazla 2 hafta i\u00e7inde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p><p>\u0130kinci Mart \u00f6\u011fleden sonra Kenya, Sabukia'da bir CBD spor\u00fclasyonunun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6rebiliyoruz. Bu spor\u00fclasyon saat 22:00'de tamamlanm\u0131\u015f ve model enfeksiyonun ilerleyi\u015fini hesaplamaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu enfeksiyon \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Mart g\u00fcn\u00fc saat 17:00'de tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Oysa Mart ay\u0131n\u0131n ilk g\u00fcn\u00fc hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 enfeksiyonun tamamlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fc.<\/p><h3><strong>Kahve Meyvesi Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 Enfeksiyon \u015eiddeti<\/strong><\/h3><p>Enfeksiyon \u015fiddeti a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilere g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilir\u00a0<u>ya\u011fmur yo\u011funlu\u011fu<\/u>\u00a0yaprak \u0131slakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde enfeksiyona yol a\u00e7ar. 10 mm'den fazla ya\u011fmur =&gt; \u015eiddet := 5<\/p><ul><li>5 mm'den fazla ya\u011fmur =&gt; \u015eiddet := 4<\/li><li>2 mm'den fazla ya\u011fmur =&gt; \u015eiddet := 3<\/li><li>Ya\u011fmur yok =&gt; \u015eiddet := 2<\/li><li>Enfeksiyon Yok =&gt; \u015eiddet := 0<\/li><\/ul><p>Enfeksiyon Mart ay\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnde saat 5:00'te tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eiddet 3 olarak de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. Yaprak \u0131slakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde 2 mm'den fazla ya\u011fmur ya\u011fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><p>G\u00fcnl\u00fck de\u011ferlere bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda \u015eubat ay\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131 ve Mart ay\u0131n\u0131n ilk g\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7in genel bir bak\u0131\u015f elde edebiliriz. \u015eubat ay\u0131n\u0131n son haftas\u0131nda ve Mart ay\u0131n\u0131n ilk g\u00fcnlerinde hastal\u0131k \u015fiddetinde bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6rebiliriz.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5b85b87 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5b85b87\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c873dbf\" data-id=\"c873dbf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5aea2a elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"c5aea2a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f7c5c5e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f7c5c5e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7029d08\" data-id=\"7029d08\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6794a7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"6794a7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"coffee-bacterial-blight-of-coffee\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16e37e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"16e37e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kahvede bakteriyel yan\u0131kl\u0131k<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a1b227 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4a1b227\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-edc4116 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"edc4116\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kahvenin Bakteriyel Yan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na Neden Olan\u00a0<em>Pseudomonas siringie cv. garciae<\/em> Do\u011fu Afrika ve G\u00fcney Amerika'daki kahve bitkilerinde yaprak ve dal yan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na neden olur.<\/p><h3>Semptomlar<\/h3><p>Yaprak \u00fczerindeki lezyonlar, siyaha d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen ve geni\u015fleyen su ile \u0131slanm\u0131\u015f lekeler olarak ba\u015flar. B\u00f6ylece yapraklar nekrotik hale gelir ve i\u00e7e do\u011fru k\u0131vr\u0131l\u0131r, ancak bitkiye ba\u011fl\u0131 kal\u0131r. S\u00fcrg\u00fcn \u00fczerindeki terminal tomurcuk enfekte oldu\u011funda, enfeksiyon a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya do\u011fru ilerleyerek geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fe neden olur. U\u00e7tan biraz uzaktaki gen\u00e7 dallar \u00fczerindeki eksenel tomurcuklar da enfeksiyona kar\u015f\u0131 savunmas\u0131zd\u0131r. Lezyon dal\u0131 sararak damar dokusuna zarar verebilir ve kararm\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcn \u00fczerindeki dal\u0131n solmas\u0131na ve \u00f6lmesine neden olabilir. Kabuk istilalar\u0131n\u0131n en tipik belirtisi, dallar\u0131n yanm\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen kararm\u0131\u015f u\u00e7lar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p><h3><strong>Enfeksiyonu destekleyen hava ko\u015fullar\u0131<\/strong><\/h3><p>Bakteriyel yan\u0131kl\u0131k en \u00e7ok Elgor Da\u011f\u0131, Solai ve Kenya'daki Nyeri b\u00f6lgesinin baz\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 gibi y\u00fcksek yeti\u015fme alanlar\u0131nda endemiktir. \u0130\u015fte\u00a0<u>Enfeksiyonlar \u00e7o\u011funlukla serin gecelerden sonra ve en s\u0131k dolu f\u0131rt\u0131nalar\u0131ndan sonra g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr<\/u>\u00a0Dolu ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaralar bakterilerin bitkilere bula\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in giri\u015f kap\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r ve dolu ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan sonra kalan yaprak \u0131slakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 enfeksiyon i\u00e7in nem sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<u>Bu hastal\u0131k i\u00e7in optimum s\u0131cakl\u0131klar 12 ila 25\u00b0C civar\u0131nda olma e\u011filimindedir.<\/u>\u00a0Bakterilerin kahve a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131 enfekte etmesine izin veren bir olay varsa, daha fazla inokulum mevcut oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in enfeksiyon \u015fiddeti de o kadar y\u00fcksek olacakt\u0131r.<\/p><h3><strong>FieldClimate bakteri \u00e7o\u011faltma modelinde Kahvede Bakteriyel Yan\u0131kl\u0131k<\/strong><\/h3><p>Kenya, Kisi'de bakteri yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u015eubat ay\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fc ve \u015eubat sonu Mart ba\u015f\u0131nda ya\u011fmurlar\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131yla birlikte art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ccb9a18 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ccb9a18\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9db3a16\" data-id=\"9db3a16\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6aabec7 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6aabec7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-65dc6c3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"65dc6c3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-483f267\" data-id=\"483f267\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ae79c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"1ae79c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"coffee-pesticide-wash-off\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1622448 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1622448\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kahve a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131nda pestisit y\u0131kamas\u0131<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8fa9610 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"8fa9610\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cb8376 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2cb8376\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u015eiddetli ya\u011fmur, asmalar\u0131n veya di\u011fer bitkilerin yapraklar\u0131nda kalan pestisitleri y\u0131kayacakt\u0131r. 1980'den bu yana modern fungisitlerin ya\u011fmur dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir geli\u015fme olmu\u015ftur. Asl\u0131nda en modern fungisitlerin yaprak \u00fczerinde kuruma \u015fanslar\u0131 varsa 30 mm'ye kadar ya\u011fmura dayanmalar\u0131n\u0131 bekleyebiliriz. E\u011fer ya\u011fmur ila\u00e7lamadan hemen sonra ya da ila\u00e7lama s\u0131ras\u0131nda ba\u015flarsa ya\u011fmur direnci b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalabilir.<\/p><p>Kontakt fungisitlerin eski moda form\u00fclasyonlar\u0131nda 12 mm'den daha az bir ya\u011fmur sertli\u011fi beklememiz gerekir. T\u0131pk\u0131 1970'lerde al\u0131\u015f\u0131k oldu\u011fumuz gibi. Bir ba\u011fdaki yapraklar\u0131 \u0131slatmak i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k 2 mm ya\u011fmura ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Bu nedenle bu mod\u00fclde, bir yaprak \u0131slatma d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7inde sadece 2 mm'den b\u00fcy\u00fck ya\u011fmurlar\u0131 biriktiriyoruz. Bu, tek bir g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde toplam 6 mm ya\u011fmur olabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir, ancak bu mod\u00fcl bunlar\u0131n hi\u00e7birini biriktirmez \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc yapraklar 2 mm ya\u011fmur ya\u011fmadan \u00f6nce tekrar kurumu\u015ftur.<\/p><p>Ya\u011fmur 3, 5 ve 7 g\u00fcn boyunca biriktirilir. Daha uzun bir s\u00fcre boyunca bitki b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi, temas fungisitlerinin etkisi i\u00e7in bile\u015fiklerin ya\u011fmur direncinden \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-86ca7bc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"86ca7bc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ce7e97c\" data-id=\"ce7e97c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88f9860 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"88f9860\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"recommended-equipment\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97bdcf4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97bdcf4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00d6nerilen ekipman<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c9d2b2c elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c9d2b2c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-15da75c\" data-id=\"15da75c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c36334 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7c36334\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b><i>Bu \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn potansiyel hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 izlemek i\u00e7in hangi sens\u00f6r setinin gerekli oldu\u011funu kontrol edin.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ac3af58\" data-id=\"ac3af58\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa06945 elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"fa06945\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Crop-solutions-document_2022.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">ELEKTRONIK TABLOYU INDIR<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Coffee disease models COFFEE LEAF RUST &#8211;Hemelia vastatrix COFFEE BERRY DISEASE &#8211;Colletotrichum coffeanum BACTERIAL BLIGHT OF COFFEE &#8211;Pseudomonas siringie cv. garciae PESTICIDEWASH OFF Recommended equipment Coffee leaf rust Coffee Leaf Rust caused by\u00a0Hemelia vastatrix is the most well known coffee disease. It was first detected in 1861 in the lake Victoria Area of Kenya. In [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"ocean_front_end_style_editor":"no","ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"on","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-49443","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/metos.global\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/49443","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/metos.global\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/metos.global\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/metos.global\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/metos.global\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=49443"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/metos.global\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/49443\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":120489,"href":"https:\/\/metos.global\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/49443\/revisions\/120489"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/metos.global\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49443"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}