{"id":49821,"date":"2022-12-13T09:58:57","date_gmt":"2022-12-13T09:58:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.metos.global\/?page_id=49821"},"modified":"2026-05-04T10:34:18","modified_gmt":"2026-05-04T10:34:18","slug":"disease-models-turf-grass","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/metos.global\/ro\/disease-models-turf-grass\/","title":{"rendered":"Modele de boli - gazon"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"49821\" class=\"elementor elementor-49821\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-415c8b5 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"415c8b5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-abe619a\" data-id=\"abe619a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93be70f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"93be70f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-turf-grass.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-49654\" alt=\"Modele de boli - gazon\" srcset=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-turf-grass.png 1920w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-turf-grass-300x55.png 300w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-turf-grass-1024x187.png 1024w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-turf-grass-768x140.png 768w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-turf-grass-1536x280.png 1536w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-turf-grass-18x3.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-eaf8341 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"eaf8341\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c99d4c3\" data-id=\"c99d4c3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e922299 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e922299\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Gazon<\/b> modele de boli\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cc5aded elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cc5aded\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cb0c2b0\" data-id=\"cb0c2b0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ed3b31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8ed3b31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#turf-cotton-blight\">BUMBAC -<\/br><em>Phytium blight<\/em><\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7534dc6\" data-id=\"7534dc6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07d5cdf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"07d5cdf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#turf-dollar-spot\">DOLLAR SPOT -<\/br><em>Sclerotinia homoeocarpa<\/em><\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2db0d2b\" data-id=\"2db0d2b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42f6aad elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"42f6aad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#turf-brown-patch\">BROWN PATCH -<\/br><em>Rhizoctonia solani<\/em><\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d62353 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d62353\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a8ad78e\" data-id=\"a8ad78e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65ff038 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"65ff038\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#turf-snow-mold\">MOLD DE Z\u0102PAD\u0102 -<\/br><em>Typhula spp.<\/em><\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-29e703c\" data-id=\"29e703c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd50176 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fd50176\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#turf-overseeding\">SUPRA\u00ceNS\u0102M\u00c2N\u021aARE<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bb0220d\" data-id=\"bb0220d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-94952ae elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"94952ae\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fd0fb48\" data-id=\"fd0fb48\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-908631f elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"908631f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"#recommended-equipment\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Echipament recomandat<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a38f80b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a38f80b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ac9d72c\" data-id=\"ac9d72c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0dc779 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"c0dc779\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bc43140 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bc43140\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2b864bd\" data-id=\"2b864bd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2f710c elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"f2f710c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"turf-cotton-blight\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a62ff0f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a62ff0f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bacteria bumbacului<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ba72bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8ba72bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Boala Phytium blight, cunoscut\u0103 \u0219i sub numele de Cotton Blight, Grease Spot, este cauzat\u0103 de mai multe specii diferite de Pytium. Gazonii din sezonul rece sunt sensibili la Pythium. \u00cen condi\u021bii favorabile, \u00eentregul gazon poate fi distrus \u00een c\u00e2teva zile.<\/p><h3>Simptomele<\/h3><p>Simptomele Pythium vor ap\u0103rea mai \u00eent\u00e2i sub forma unor pete mici, de form\u0103 neregulat\u0103, care se vor uni pentru a forma pete mari, adesea sub form\u0103 de dungi lungi. Pythium se dezvolt\u0103 adesea \u00een aceste dungi, deoarece aceasta este direc\u021bia de mi\u0219care a apei (drenaj), cel mai adesea rosturi de la ma\u0219inile de golf \u0219i de la echipamentele de cosit. Frunzele de gazon vor ar\u0103ta \u0219i se vor sim\u021bi la \u00eenceput ca fiind \u00eembibate cu ap\u0103, grase sau v\u00e2scoase. Odat\u0103 ce roua sau umiditatea se usuc\u0103, lama se va \u00eencre\u021bi \u0219i se va pr\u0103bu\u0219i, provoc\u00e2nd adesea un gazon maro mat. Gazonul va \u00eencepe s\u0103 dezvolte pete care se estompeaz\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la o culoare maro deschis sau gri. \u00cen cazul unei umidit\u0103\u021bi ridicate, diminea\u021ba devreme sau pe parcursul zilei, frunzele bolnave pot fi acoperite cu o cre\u0219tere alb\u0103, p\u0103ienjeni\u0219, asem\u0103n\u0103toare cu mucegaiul.<\/p><h3>Biologie<\/h3><p>Pythium poate supravie\u021bui \u00een sol pentru perioade \u00eendelungate de timp, provenind adesea din resturi de la plante infectate \u00een trecut sau din spori care tr\u0103iesc \u00een sol. Pythium se r\u0103sp\u00e2nde\u0219te prin deplasarea \u0219i cre\u0219terea miceliului \u0219i a sporilor de la o plant\u0103 la alta. Pythium se dezvolt\u0103 \u00een condi\u021bii de vreme cald\u0103 \u0219i umed\u0103, de obicei la temperaturi diurne de 27\u00b0C p\u00e2n\u0103 la 35\u00b0C, \u00een zone cu mi\u0219care redus\u0103 a aerului, dar cu un con\u021binut ridicat de umiditate. La temperaturi mai sc\u0103zute de 13\u00b0C-18\u00b0C \u0219i \u00een perioadele prelungite de vreme umed\u0103, Pythium este \u00eenc\u0103 r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit.<\/p><p>Pythium va ap\u0103rea cel mai frecvent \u00een timpul \"regulii de 150\", adic\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd temperaturile diurne \u0219i nocturne sunt de peste 66\u00b0C. Pythium este cel mai frecvent atunci c\u00e2nd roua r\u0103m\u00e2ne pe firul de iarb\u0103 timp de 14 ore sau mai mult. Puie\u021bii de gazon care au un exces de azot \u0219i o cre\u0219tere luxuriant\u0103 sunt foarte vulnerabili la Pythiuum \u0219i se vor r\u0103sp\u00e2ndi rapid din cauza nivelului ridicat de azot.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alkali\">Alkaline<\/a>\u00a0soluri (cu un pH de peste 7) \u0219i\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Calcium\">calciu<\/a>\u00a0solurile deficitare tind, de asemenea, s\u0103 favorizeze Pythium.3 Pythium supravie\u021buie\u0219te peste iarn\u0103 sub form\u0103 de\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oospore\">oospori<\/a>\u00a0g\u0103site \u00een sol. Prin urmare, agentul patogen se r\u0103sp\u00e2nde\u0219te cu u\u0219urin\u021b\u0103 prin deplasarea plantelor bolnave, prin mi\u0219carea solului, prin apa de suprafa\u021b\u0103 sau chiar prin \u00eenc\u0103l\u021b\u0103minte. Pythium cauzeaz\u0103, de asemenea, \"Damping off\", \"putrezirea semin\u021belor\" sau \"distrugerea r\u0103sadurilor\" de gazon. Acest lucru este cel mai frecvent \u00een cazul secarei perene (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lolium_perenne\">Lolium perenne<\/a>) \u0219i se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 \u00een zonele care dep\u0103\u0219esc cu mult ratele de \u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021bare recomandate. Nu numai c\u0103 Pythium devasteaz\u0103 coronamentul gazonului, dar oomicetele pot ataca \u0219i r\u0103d\u0103cinile \u0219i coroanele, care vor reduce cre\u0219terea, vor deveni decolorate \u0219i vor cauza sub\u021bierea gazonului.<\/p><h3>Condi\u021bii<\/h3><ul><li>Infec\u021bia \u0219i dezvoltarea bolii sunt asociate cu temperaturi diurne ale aerului de peste 30\u00b0C.<\/li><li>temperaturile nocturne sunt peste 20\u00b0C<\/li><li>umiditate relativ\u0103 timp de 15 sau mai multe ore peste 90%.<\/li><li>nutri\u021bia bogat\u0103 \u00een azot pare s\u0103 fie mai sensibil\u0103 la boal\u0103, la fel ca \u0219i r\u0103sadurile tinere\/germinante, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t trebuie s\u0103 se acorde aten\u021bie \u00een timpul supra\u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021b\u0103rii sau al \u00eenfiin\u021b\u0103rii pe vreme cald\u0103.<\/li><\/ul><p>Modelul arat\u0103 o perioad\u0103 de riks pe 27 iulie, deoarece \u00een acea zi au fost determinate mai mult de 15 ore de umiditate relativ\u0103 de peste 90%, iar temperatura a fost cuprins\u0103 \u00eentre 20 \u0219i 35\u00b0C. Perioada umed\u0103 de dup\u0103 aceast\u0103 dat\u0103 nu prezint\u0103 riscuri, deoarece temperatura a fost prea sc\u0103zut\u0103.<\/p><h3>Control<\/h3><p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Poa_pratensis\">Kentucky bluegrass<\/a>\u00a0\u0219i\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Festuca\">Festuca<\/a>\u00a0sunt mai pu\u021bin susceptibile la putregaiul de Pythium dec\u00e2t\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lolium_perenne\">Iarb\u0103 de secar\u0103 peren\u0103<\/a>\u00a0\u0219i\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Agrostis\">Bentgrass<\/a>. Crearea unui mediu care include un drenaj adecvat, o bun\u0103 circula\u021bie a aerului \u0219i o fertilitate echilibrat\u0103 va ajuta la prevenirea bolii. \u00cendep\u0103rtarea\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dew\">rou\u0103<\/a>\u00a0\u00een timpul vremii calde \u0219i umede va ajuta, de asemenea, la prevenirea Pythium. Roua poate fi \u00eendep\u0103rtat\u0103 din iarb\u0103 prin cosire, cu ajutorul unei suflante cu rucsac sau prin tragerea unui furtun peste iarb\u0103. Instala\u021bi un sistem de drenaj intern dac\u0103 ave\u021bi probleme grave de drenaj. \u00cembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi\u021bi circula\u021bia aerului (Instalarea de ventilatoare, \u00eendep\u0103rtarea copacilor sau arbu\u0219tilor) \u0219i evita\u021bi practicile de irigare care vor l\u0103sa umezeala pe firele de iarb\u0103 pentru perioade lungi de timp. Un sistem adecvat\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aeration\">program de aerare<\/a>\u00a0va atenua compactarea \u0219i va \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi drenajul. Aerarea ar trebui s\u0103 perturbe anual \u00eentre 15-20% din suprafa\u021ba total\u0103. Asigura\u021bi-v\u0103 c\u0103 nu aplica\u021bi azot \u00een exces \u00een sol. Evita\u021bi s\u0103 folosi\u021bi \u00eengr\u0103\u0219\u0103minte cu eliberare rapid\u0103, \u00eencerca\u021bi s\u0103 folosi\u021bi surse de amoniu cu eliberare lent\u0103. Dac\u0103 pH-ul solului dvs. este mai mare de 6,5, atunci folosi\u021bi\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ammonium_sulfate%22\">sulfat de amoniu<\/a>, ceea ce va acidifica solul. Cele mai multe programe echilibrate de fertilitate pentru gazonul Kentucky Bluegrass vor consta \u00een aplicarea a dou\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la cinci livre de azot\/1000 de metri p\u0103tra\u021bi pe an.<\/p><p><em>Referin\u021be:<\/em><\/p><ul><li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.missouribotanicalgarden.org\/gardens-gardening\/your-garden\/help-for-the-home-gardener\/advice-tips-resources\/pests-and-problems\/diseases\/rot\/pythium-blight-of-turf.aspx\">Gr\u0103dina Botanic\u0103 din Missouri<\/a><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/plantscience.psu.edu\/research\/centers\/turf\/extension\/factsheets\/managing-diseases\/pythium\">Gestionarea bolilor de gazon<\/a><\/span><em><br \/><\/em><\/li><li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www2.ipm.ucanr.edu\/agriculture\/turfgrass\/pythium-blight-grease-spot\/\">UC IPM<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-09c04bd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"09c04bd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a45f45f\" data-id=\"a45f45f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-688dc58 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"688dc58\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-28e0bdf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"28e0bdf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ae04247\" data-id=\"ae04247\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4b42a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"c4b42a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"turf-dollar-spot\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a693459 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a693459\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dolar spot<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dbdd717 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dbdd717\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Boala \"Dollar Spot\" este cauzat\u0103 de specia fungic\u0103 patogen\u0103 Sclerotinia homoeocarpa \u0219i infecteaz\u0103 frunzele ierburilor de gazon din sezonul cald \u0219i rece.<\/p><p>Ierburile afectate prezint\u0103 leziuni albe sau de culoare pai, care progreseaz\u0103 \u00een jos, de la v\u00e2rful frunzei sau lateral, de-a lungul limbilor foliare. De obicei, fiecare leziune este \u00eenconjurat\u0103 de o margine maro. Leziunile mai vechi de pe iarba cosit\u0103 mai sus apar frecvent \u00een form\u0103 de clepsidr\u0103, fiind mai \u00eenguste la mijloc dec\u00e2t \u00een partea superioar\u0103 sau inferioar\u0103. Lamelele foliare individuale pot con\u021bine multe leziuni mici sau o singur\u0103 leziune mare, sau \u00eentregul limb foliar poate fi afectat. Frunzele infectate se ve\u0219tejesc, devenind albe p\u00e2n\u0103 la culoarea pai pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce leziunile se extind \u0219i se unesc. Frunzele boln\u0103vicioase se formeaz\u0103 \u00een agregate care apar ca pete circulare, \u00eenfundate, cu diametrul cuprins \u00eentre  10 cm ( 4 inci). Pe terenurile de golf \u0219i pe alte suprafe\u021be cosite \u00eendeaproape, petele apar ca ni\u0219te pete albe sau de culoare pai, cu diametrul similar cu cel al unui dolar argintiu, de unde \u0219i denumirea de \"pata de dolar\".<\/p><p>Petele de dolar se pot transforma \u00een zone mari de culoare pai, cu un diametru cuprins \u00eentre 15 cm \u0219i 3 metri (de la 6 inci la aproximativ 10 picioare). Suprafe\u021bele de gazon afectate de dolar se sub\u021biaz\u0103 adesea de frunzi\u0219 \u0219i sunt invadate de specii de buruieni.<\/p><p>Trebuie s\u0103 \u0219ti\u021bi c\u0103 simptomele petelor de dolar, ale bubozei cu Pythium \u0219i ale petelor brune pot fi similare \u00een anumite stadii de dezvoltare a bolii. De obicei, pata de dolar nu este asociat\u0103 cu o distrugere rapid\u0103 a plantelor de gazon, a\u0219a cum se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 \u00een cazul arsurii cu Pythium sau al petelor brune de Rhizoctonia. Ciupercile care cauzeaz\u0103 dolarul \u0219i petele brune produc adesea leziuni distincte pe frunzele infectate, dar nu \u0219i arsura cu Pythium. Chiar dac\u0103 simptomele dolarului se limiteaz\u0103 la p\u0103r\u021bile aeriene ale plantelor de gazon, Sclerotinia homoeocarpa produce un metabolit care este toxic pentru r\u0103d\u0103cinile de iarb\u0103 verde. Toxina face ca r\u0103d\u0103cinile s\u0103 se \u00eengroa\u0219e, s\u0103 \u00eenceteze s\u0103 se mai alungeasc\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 devin\u0103 lipsite de firele de p\u0103r ale r\u0103d\u0103cinilor.<\/p><h3>Biologia \u0219i ciclul bolilor<\/h3><p>Ciuperca patogen\u0103 p\u0103trunde \u00een frunze direct prin formarea unui appressoirum sau prin intrarea prin stomate sau prin v\u00e2rfurile t\u0103iate ale frunzelor. Hifia se dezvolt\u0103 \u0219i colonizeaz\u0103 celulele epidermice \u0219i mezofile. Ciuperca patogen\u0103 secret\u0103, de asemenea, enzime \u0219i toxine, ceea ce duce la necrozarea \u021besuturilor. Ciuperca supravie\u021buie\u0219te sub form\u0103 de miceliu sau stromate \u00een plantele infectate, \u00een timp ce nu produce spori.<\/p><h3>Condi\u021bii pentru boal\u0103<\/h3><ul><li>temperaturi optime \u00eentre 15\u00b0C \u0219i 32\u00b0C<\/li><li>perioade \u00eendelungate de umezeal\u0103 a frunzelor din cauza rou\u0103i, a ploii, a irig\u0103rii<\/li><li>cel mai frecvent\u0103 prim\u0103vara \u0219i toamna.<\/li><li>umiditate sc\u0103zut\u0103 a solului (care streseaz\u0103 planta \u0219i o face mai sensibil\u0103 la agentul patogen)<\/li><li>gazonul cu o fertilitate sc\u0103zut\u0103 a azotului prezint\u0103 mai multe pete de dolar dec\u00e2t cel cu o fertilitate optim\u0103.<\/li><\/ul><p><em>Referin\u021be:<\/em><\/p><ul><li>Allen, T.W., A. Martinez \u0219i L.L. Burpee. 2005. Pata de dolar a gazonului. The Plant Health Instructor. DOI:10.1094\/PHI-I-2005-0217-02)<\/li><li>Couch, H.B. 1995. Boli ale gazonului. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida.<\/li><li>Detweiler, A.R., J.M. Vargas, Jr. \u0219i T.K. Danneberger. 1983. Rezisten\u021ba Sclerotinia homoeocarpa la iprodion \u0219i benomil. Plant Dis. 67: 627-630.<\/li><li>Endo, R.M. 1966. Controlul petelor de dolar din gazon prin azot \u0219i baza sa probabil\u0103. Fitopatologie 56: 877<\/li><li>Golembiewski, R.C., J.M. Vargas, Jr., A.L. Jones \u0219i A.R. Detweiler. 1995. Detectarea rezisten\u021bei la inhibitori de demethylation (DMI) \u00een popula\u021biile de Sclerotinia homoeocarpa. Plant Dis. 79: 491-493.<\/li><li>Goodman, D.M. \u0219i L.L. Burpee. 1991. Combaterea biologic\u0103 a bolii dolarului de pete de dolar la iarba de tip Bentgrass. Phytopathology 81: 1438-1446.<\/li><li>Nelson, E.B. \u0219i C.M. Craft 1991. Introducerea \u0219i stabilirea de tulpini de Enterobacter cloacae \u00een gazonul terenurilor de golf pentru controlul biologic al petelor de dolar. Plant Dis. 75: 510-514.<\/li><li>Nelson, E.B. \u0219i C.M. Craft. 1992. Suprimarea petelor de dolar pe gazonul de iarb\u0103 verde \u0219i de iarb\u0103 albastr\u0103 anual\u0103 cu \u00eengr\u0103\u0219\u0103minte de acoperire cu compost. Plant Dis. 76: 954-958.<\/li><li>Smiley, R.W., P.H. Dernoeden \u0219i B.B. Clarke. 1992. Compendiu de boli ale gazonului, ed. a 2-a. American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.<\/li><li>Smith, J.D., N. Jackson \u0219i A.R. Woolhouse. 1989. Fungal Diseases of Amenity Turf Grasses. E. &amp; F.N. Spon, Ltd. New York, NY.<\/li><li>Vargas, J.M., Jr. 1994. Managementul bolilor gazonului. Edi\u021bia a 2-a. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.<\/li><li>Vargas, J.M., Jr., R. Golembiewski \u0219i A.R. Detweiler. 1992. Rezisten\u021ba petelor de dolar la fungicidele DMI. Golf Course Management 60: 50-54.<\/li><li>Williams, D.W., A.J. Powell, P. Vincelli \u0219i C.T. Dougherty. 1996. Dollar spot pe Bentgrass influen\u021bat\u0103 de deplasarea de umiditate de suprafa\u021b\u0103 a frunzelor, azot, \u0219i \u00eendep\u0103rtarea t\u0103ierii. Crop Sci. 36: 1304-1309.<\/li><li>Zhou, T. \u0219i G.J. Boland. 1998. Suprimarea p\u0103t\u0103rii dolarului de c\u0103tre izolate hipovirulente de Sclerotinia homoeocarpa. Phytopathology 88: 788-794.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e225391 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e225391\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0dca6cb\" data-id=\"0dca6cb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-80ffb8d elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"80ffb8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e2f3134 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e2f3134\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-610faa8\" data-id=\"610faa8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-285ae75 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"285ae75\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"turf-brown-patch\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33d540f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"33d540f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Patch maro<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-777faed elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"777faed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Senzori:<\/span> Temperatura solului, precipita\u021bii \u0219i temperatura aerului necesare<\/p><p>Boala Brown Patch este cauzat\u0103 de ciuperca patogen\u0103\u00a0<em>Rhizoctonia solani<\/em>\u00a0\u0219i apare \u00een timpul verii pe terenurile de golf \u0219i pe peluze. Cele mai susceptibile specii de iarb\u0103 sunt secara peren\u0103, gramineele de tip Bentgrass \u0219i\u00a0<em>Festuca arundinacea<\/em>(festuca \u00eenalt\u0103 sau Rohrschwingel).<\/p><h3>Simptome \u0219i semne<\/h3><p>La primele ore ale dimine\u021bii, pe gazonul acoperit de rou\u0103, miceliul alb al ciupercii cauzale poate fi v\u0103zut adesea pe \u0219i \u00eentre frunzele \u0219i tulpinile de iarb\u0103 din zona respectiv\u0103. Uneori, toat\u0103 iarba din petic este distrus\u0103, cre\u00e2nd un efect de \"buzunar\" sau de ad\u00e2ncitur\u0103. Cel mai adesea, gazonul din aceste pete este mai degrab\u0103 sub\u021biat dec\u00e2t complet distrus. Ocazional, nu se poate observa niciun model circular, iar boala apare ca un buboi difuz.<\/p><p>La festuca \u00eenalt\u0103, simptomele petelor brune pot fi observate pe frunze individuale \u0219i nu neap\u0103rat \u00een petice. Simptomele de pe frunze apar sub forma unor leziuni neregulate de culoare cafeniu sau maro deschis, \u00eenconjurate de margini maro \u00eenchis. \u00cen cazurile severe, \u00eentregul arboret poate p\u0103rea decolorat \u0219i sub\u021biat.<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52970 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Turf-grass_patch-1.jpg\" alt=\"Gazon de gazon_patch-1\" width=\"680\" height=\"426\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Turf-grass_patch-1.jpg 680w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Turf-grass_patch-1-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Turf-grass_patch-1-18x12.jpg 18w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 680px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 680\/426;\" \/><\/p><p><em>Simptomele petei brune pe terenul de golf cu iarb\u0103 de iarb\u0103 verde; observa\u021bi inelele \u00eentunecate de la periferia petei (inele de fum). Sursa imaginii:\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/plantscience.psu.edu\/research\/centers\/turf\/extension\/factsheets\/managing-diseases\/brown-patch).\">\u0218tiin\u021ba plantelor<\/a><\/em><\/p><p>O caracteristic\u0103 distinctiv\u0103 a petelor brune de pe terenurile de golf este prezen\u021ba unor inele purpurii \u00eentunecate la periferia petelor. Acestea se numesc inele de fum. Inelele de fum sunt mai pronun\u021bate \u00een primele ore ale dimine\u021bii, disp\u0103r\u00e2nd, de obicei, p\u00e2n\u0103 la pr\u00e2nz.<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52974 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Turf-grass_patch-2.jpg\" alt=\"Gazon de gazon Patch\" width=\"680\" height=\"426\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Turf-grass_patch-2.jpg 680w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Turf-grass_patch-2-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Turf-grass_patch-2-18x12.jpg 18w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 680px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 680\/426;\" \/><\/p><p><em>Simptomele petelor brune pe frunzele de festuca \u00eenalt\u0103; observa\u021bi leziunile neregulate, de culoare maro deschis, cu margini maro \u00eenchis. Sursa imaginii: <a href=\"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/managing-turfgrass-diseases\">\u0218tiin\u021ba plantelor<\/a><\/em><\/p><h3>Ciclul bolii<\/h3><p><em>R. solanii<\/em>\u00a0ierneaz\u0103 sub form\u0103 de corpuri de repaus numite sclero\u021bi, fie \u00een \u021besutul ierbii infectate, fie \u00een sol. Ciuperca este capabil\u0103 s\u0103 supravie\u021buiasc\u0103 \u00een sol ani de zile \u00een absen\u021ba unei ierburi sensibile. Activitatea bolii este predominant\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd\u00a0<em>umezeala \u0219i umiditatea de suprafa\u021b\u0103 sunt ridicate<\/em>, temperaturile nocturne sunt peste\u00a0<em>20\u00b0C \u0219i temperaturi medii de 27\u00b0C \u00een timpul zilei<\/em>\u00a0sau mai sus. Vremea ploioas\u0103 \u0219i o atmosfer\u0103 saturat\u0103 (100% umiditate relativ\u0103) accelereaz\u0103 foarte mult dezvoltarea bolii. Severitatea bolii este mai mare pe gazonul luxuriant \u0219i suculent \u00eentre\u021binut cu niveluri ridicate de azot dec\u00e2t pe gazonul \u00eentre\u021binut cu niveluri moderate.<\/p><h3>Controlul cultural<\/h3><p>Aplicarea de \u00eengr\u0103\u0219\u0103minte cu azot pe gazonul cu un istoric cunoscut al petelor maronii \u00een timpul vremii calde \u0219i umede poate crea nevoia de a aplica fungicide pentru a controla boala. \u00cendep\u0103rtarea roua sau a apei de gutuial\u0103 care se adun\u0103 pe frunzele de gazon \u00een fiecare diminea\u021b\u0103 s-a dovedit a fi un ajutor eficient \u00een reducerea petelor brune. Aceast\u0103 \u00eendep\u0103rtare poate fi realizat\u0103 prin cosire sau prin tragerea unui furtun de ap\u0103 peste zona respectiv\u0103. Udarea necesar\u0103 trebuie f\u0103cut\u0103 la timp pentru ca iarba s\u0103 se usuce \u00eenainte de c\u0103derea nop\u021bii.<\/p><h3>Controlul chimic<\/h3><p>Tratamentul cu fungicide ar trebui s\u0103 fie necesar numai pe gazonul de mare valoare din iarb\u0103 de secar\u0103 sau de iarb\u0103 de c\u00e2mp. Tratamentul fungicid se face, de obicei, \u00een mod curativ; prima pulverizare trebuie aplicat\u0103 imediat dup\u0103 apari\u021bia simptomelor, \u00een special dac\u0103 se a\u0219teapt\u0103 o perioad\u0103 prelungit\u0103 de vreme cald\u0103 \u0219i umed\u0103. \u00cen zonele \u00een care brown patch-ul cauzeaz\u0103 o sub\u021biere sever\u0103 a terenurilor de golf, se poate justifica aplicarea preventiv\u0103 a fungicidelor.<\/p><p>Condi\u021biile pentru apari\u021bia bolilor sunt temperaturi de aproximativ 20\u00b0C pe timpul nop\u021bii \u0219i temperaturi de aproximativ 25\u00b0C pe timpul zilei \u0219i umiditate relativ\u0103 ridicat\u0103 (ploaie, rou\u0103).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6aae4c8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6aae4c8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-eb9d3b8\" data-id=\"eb9d3b8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d74df0a elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"d74df0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-768d484 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"768d484\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4774e36\" data-id=\"4774e36\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c298dfe elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"c298dfe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"turf-snow-mold\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bbf7a67 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bbf7a67\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mucegai de z\u0103pad\u0103<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e46e453 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e46e453\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Boala fungic\u0103 mucegaiul z\u0103pezii apare la \u00eenceputul prim\u0103verii, dup\u0103 topirea z\u0103pezii. Cele dou\u0103 tipuri de mucegai de z\u0103pad\u0103 (gri \u0219i roz) devin active sub stratul de z\u0103pad\u0103 \u0219i sunt cauzate de ciuperca\u00a0<em>Typhula spp.<\/em>(mucegai de z\u0103pad\u0103 gri) \u0219i Microdochium nivalis (mucegai de z\u0103pad\u0103 roz).<\/p><p>Mucegaiul cenu\u0219iu de z\u0103pad\u0103 supravie\u021buie\u0219te la temperaturile ridicate ale verii \u00een sol sau \u00een resturile de plante infectate sub form\u0103 de sclero\u021bi, structuri fungice rezistente, \u00een timp ce mucegaiul roz de z\u0103pad\u0103 supravie\u021buie\u0219te sub form\u0103 de miceliu sau spori \u00een resturile de plante infectate.<\/p><p>Dezvoltarea ciupercilor \u00eencepe iarna, sub un strat de z\u0103pad\u0103, pe un sol necongelat. Cre\u0219terea poate avea loc la temperaturi u\u0219or sub zero grade \u0219i poate continua dup\u0103 topirea z\u0103pezii, at\u00e2ta timp c\u00e2t iarba r\u0103m\u00e2ne rece \u0219i umed\u0103. Activitatea mucegaiului cenu\u0219iu de z\u0103pad\u0103 se opre\u0219te atunci c\u00e2nd temperatura dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te 7\u00b0C sau c\u00e2nd suprafa\u021ba se usuc\u0103. Activitatea mucegaiului roz al z\u0103pezii poate continua pe timp de vreme umed\u0103 toamna \u0219i prim\u0103vara, at\u00e2ta timp c\u00e2t temperatura este cuprins\u0103 \u00eentre 0\u00b0C \u0219i 15\u00b0C.<\/p><h3>Simptomele<\/h3><p>Simptomele sunt observate pentru prima dat\u0103 pe gazon sub forma unor pete circulare, de culoare pai, la topirea z\u0103pezii, prim\u0103vara. Aceste pete continu\u0103 s\u0103 se extind\u0103 at\u00e2ta timp c\u00e2t iarba r\u0103m\u00e2ne rece \u0219i umed\u0103. Iarba din interiorul petei are adesea un aspect mat \u0219i o cre\u0219tere fungic\u0103 colorat\u0103. Cre\u0219terea fungic\u0103 poate acoperi \u00eentreaga parcel\u0103 sau se poate dezvolta de-a lungul marginilor, mucegaiul de z\u0103pad\u0103 gri fiind de culoare alb\u0103 spre gri, iar mucegaiul de z\u0103pad\u0103 roz fiind de culoare alb\u0103 spre roz. Ocazional, pot fi observate corpuri fungice fructificate (ciuperci) care ies din gazonul infectat. Pe frunzele \u0219i coroanele plantelor infectate de mucegaiul cenu\u0219iu al z\u0103pezii, nu de cel roz, se pot dezvolta, de asemenea, structuri dure, numite sclero\u021bi. Sclerotia are o form\u0103 sferic\u0103 \u0219i este aproximativ de m\u0103rimea unui v\u00e2rf de ac. Prezen\u021ba lor ajut\u0103 la distingerea mucegaiului cenu\u0219iu de z\u0103pad\u0103 de mucegaiul roz.<\/p><p>Mucegaiurile de z\u0103pad\u0103 nu apar \u00een fiecare an pe gazonul de acas\u0103, dar sunt mai frecvente \u00een anii \u00een care un strat de z\u0103pad\u0103 timpuriu \u0219i consistent \u00eempiedic\u0103 \u00eenghe\u021barea solului. O iarn\u0103 rece, deschis\u0103, nu va favoriza apari\u021bia mucegaiului de z\u0103pad\u0103, dar poate provoca leziuni de iarn\u0103. Pagubele cauzate de mucegaiurile de z\u0103pad\u0103 sunt rareori grave. \u00cen general, zonele infectate \u00eenverzesc doar pu\u021bin mai greu. Grebla\u021bi u\u0219or zonele afectate ale gazonului pentru a favoriza uscarea \u0219i a preveni dezvoltarea ulterioar\u0103 a ciupercilor. Fungicidele nu sunt de obicei recomandate, dar \u00een cazuri grave poate fi util\u0103 o pulverizare preventiv\u0103.<\/p><p>Urm\u0103toarele m\u0103suri pot fi luate pentru a minimiza daunele \u00een anii urm\u0103tori:<\/p><ul><li>Evita\u021bi aplica\u021biile excesive de \u00eengr\u0103\u0219\u0103minte cu azot \u00een toamn\u0103.<\/li><li>Continua\u021bi s\u0103 tunde\u021bi gazonul la \u00een\u0103l\u021bimea recomandat\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd acesta nu mai cre\u0219te \u00een mod activ. Cu c\u00e2t iarba este mai \u00eenalt\u0103, cu at\u00e2t este mai probabil s\u0103 se mataseze \u0219i s\u0103 \u00eencurajeze dezvoltarea mucegaiului de z\u0103pad\u0103.<\/li><li>Grebla\u021bi frunzele toamna.<\/li><li>Gestiona\u021bi stratul de paie pentru a evita acumul\u0103rile mai mari de \u00bd inch.<\/li><li>\u00cempr\u0103\u0219tia\u021bi gr\u0103mezile mari de z\u0103pad\u0103 pentru a \u00eencuraja topirea rapid\u0103. Folosi\u021bi garduri de z\u0103pad\u0103 pentru a minimiza acumularea de z\u0103pad\u0103 \u00een locurile cu probleme.<\/li><\/ul><p><em>Referin\u021b\u0103:<\/em><\/p><ul><li>Lamey, H. Arthur, Cynthia L. Ash \u0219i Ward C. Stienstra. 1988. Boli ale gazonului, PP-950(ND) sau AG- FO-3386(MN). NDSU Extension Service, North Dakota State University. MN Extension Service, Universitatea din Minnesota.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a0e15ad elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a0e15ad\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c8821a8\" data-id=\"c8821a8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-493e9c4 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"493e9c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-021e9f7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"021e9f7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fa77b81\" data-id=\"fa77b81\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7c2b6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"a7c2b6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"turf-overseeding\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-287b18e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"287b18e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Supra\u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021bare<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35a13f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35a13f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pentru o supra\u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021bare de succes, trebuie s\u0103:<\/p><ul><li>Alege\u021bi s\u0103m\u00e2n\u021ba potrivit\u0103.<\/li><li>Preg\u0103ti\u021bi \u00een mod corespunz\u0103tor \u0219i sincroniza\u021bi supra\u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021barea.<\/li><li>\u00centre\u021bine\u021bi cu aten\u021bie iarba sem\u0103nat\u0103.<\/li><li>\u0218i gestiona\u021bi cu aten\u021bie tranzi\u021bia de prim\u0103var\u0103 la iarba din sezonul cald.<\/li><\/ul><p>De asemenea, trebuie s\u0103 men\u021bine\u021bi un gazon s\u0103n\u0103tos pentru sezonul cald pe tot parcursul anului. Este deosebit de important s\u0103 p\u0103stra\u021bi solul fertil, s\u0103 reduce\u021bi compactarea solului \u0219i s\u0103 preveni\u021bi formarea excesiv\u0103 de paie.<\/p><p>S\u0103m\u00e2n\u021ba potrivit\u0103 este iarba cu caracteristicile cele mai potrivite pentru nevoile dumneavoastr\u0103. Iarba anual\u0103 a fost rapid \u00eenlocuit\u0103 de iarba peren\u0103 datorit\u0103 calit\u0103\u021bii \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bite a acesteia, a toleran\u021bei la stres \u0219i d\u0103un\u0103tori \u0219i a u\u0219urin\u021bei de gestionare. Folosi\u021bi \u0219i semin\u021be tratate cu fungicide, cum ar fi Apron sau Koban. Acest lucru este valabil \u00een special pentru \u00eenceputul toamnei, deoarece bolile de tip \"seedling blight\" pot fi o problem\u0103 \u00een aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103.<\/p><p>Rata corect\u0103 de sem\u0103nat depinde de modul \u00een care dori\u021bi s\u0103 arate \u0219i de c\u00e2t de mult trafic va suporta gazonul. Zonele cu trafic mai intens necesit\u0103 rate de \u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021bare mai mari. Cu toate acestea, ratele mai mari de \u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021bare pot \u00eensemna, de asemenea, o tranzi\u021bie de prim\u0103var\u0103 mai dificil\u0103.<\/p><h3>Condi\u021bii pentru supra\u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021bare<\/h3><ul><li>Temperaturile solului la o ad\u00e2ncime de 5 cm se apropie de 24\u00b0C.<\/li><li>Temperaturile nocturne se men\u021bin constant \u00een jurul valorii de 10\u00b0C.<\/li><li>Temperatura medie la amiaz\u0103 sub 21\u00b0C sau cu dou\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la patru s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni \u00eenainte de primul \u00eenghe\u021b ucig\u0103tor anual mediu.<\/li><\/ul><p>Cel mai bun mod de a face ca supra\u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021barea efectiv\u0103 s\u0103 fie un succes este de a ob\u021bine un contact bun \u00eentre sol \u0219i semin\u021be. Preg\u0103tirea patului germinativ const\u0103, \u00een general, \u00een cosirea str\u00e2ns\u0103 sau scalparea, cu o u\u0219oar\u0103 cosire vertical\u0103, \u0219i m\u0103turarea sau aspirarea resturilor vegetale libere.<\/p><p>\u00cen Fieldclimate prezent\u0103m datele optime pentru supra\u00eens\u0103m\u00e2n\u021barea cu specii de plante erbacee din sezonul CALD (GPW) sau din sezonul FRIGID (GPC).<\/p><p><em>Surse:<\/em><\/p><ul><li>Gil Landry, doctor \u00een agricultur\u0103, coordonator - Centrul pentru agricultur\u0103 urban\u0103, Universitatea din Georgia.<\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e0f966b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e0f966b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-51d79e7\" data-id=\"51d79e7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d6e28ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"d6e28ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"recommended-equipment\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69b49bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"69b49bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Echipament recomandat<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-00c11ec elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"00c11ec\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b2cbb57\" data-id=\"b2cbb57\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-442579e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"442579e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b><i>Verifica\u021bi ce set de senzori este necesar pentru monitorizarea bolilor poten\u021biale ale acestei culturi.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b1f8908\" data-id=\"b1f8908\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34de458 elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"34de458\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Crop-solutions-document_2022.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">DESC\u0102RCA\u021aI FOAIA DE CALCUL<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Turf grass disease models COTTON BLIGHT \u2013Phytium blight DOLLAR SPOT \u2013Sclerotinia homoeocarpa BROWN PATCH \u2013Rhizoctonia solani SNOW MOLD \u2013Typhula spp. OVERSEEDING Recommended equipment Cotton blight The disease Phytium blight, also known as Cotton Blight, Grease Spot is caused by several different Pytium species. Cool-season turfgrasses are susceptible to Pythium. Under favourable conditions, the whole turfgrass [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"on","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-49821","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Disease models - turf grass - METOS by Pessl Instruments<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/ro\/disease-models-turf-grass\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Disease models - turf grass - METOS by Pessl Instruments\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Turf grass disease models COTTON BLIGHT \u2013Phytium blight DOLLAR SPOT \u2013Sclerotinia homoeocarpa BROWN PATCH \u2013Rhizoctonia solani SNOW MOLD \u2013Typhula spp. OVERSEEDING Recommended equipment Cotton blight The disease Phytium blight, also known as Cotton Blight, Grease Spot is caused by several different Pytium species. Cool-season turfgrasses are susceptible to Pythium. 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Cool-season turfgrasses are susceptible to Pythium. 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