{"id":49909,"date":"2022-12-20T13:25:45","date_gmt":"2022-12-20T13:25:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.metos.global\/?page_id=49909"},"modified":"2026-05-04T10:42:57","modified_gmt":"2026-05-04T10:42:57","slug":"virtual-sensors","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/metos.global\/pt\/virtual-sensors\/","title":{"rendered":"Sensores virtuais"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"49909\" class=\"elementor elementor-49909\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bfe4d00 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bfe4d00\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a231ae5\" data-id=\"a231ae5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3c8e77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a3c8e77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">SENSORES VIRTUAIS<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9e7d5b7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9e7d5b7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a76537e\" data-id=\"a76537e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02b6b47 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"02b6b47\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#vpd\">D\u00c9FICE DE PRESS\u00c3O DE VAPOR<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-09fa2b5\" data-id=\"09fa2b5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af56434 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"af56434\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#dew\">PONTO DE COMERCIALIZA\u00c7\u00c3O<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-62388b8\" data-id=\"62388b8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09e18d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"09e18d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#delta-t\">DELTA T<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c8e9f5c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c8e9f5c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a4ec0f1\" data-id=\"a4ec0f1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31a17ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31a17ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#pore-ec\">PORE EC<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8361b82\" data-id=\"8361b82\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f50a85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9f50a85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#evapotranspiration\">EVAPOTRANSPIRA\u00c7\u00c3O<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ebdb6de\" data-id=\"ebdb6de\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c07b983 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c07b983\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2ede99c\" data-id=\"2ede99c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a4e512 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"7a4e512\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1d28938 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1d28938\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5a6ff70\" data-id=\"5a6ff70\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0690020 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"0690020\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"vpd\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ec8155 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2ec8155\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">VPD<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd0f9c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cd0f9c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong style=\"color: #333333; font-family: 'Open Sans Condensed'; font-size: 17px;\">1. INTRODU\u00c7\u00c3O<\/strong>\n<\/br><\/br>\n<strong>O QUE \u00c9 O D\u00c9FICE DE PRESS\u00c3O DE VAPOR?<\/strong>\n<\/br><\/br>\nSe tiver um METOS<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> dispositivo com sensor higroclip (temperatura do ar e humidade relativa) agora tamb\u00e9m pode ver valores de d\u00e9fice de press\u00e3o Vapour e gr\u00e1fico em <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.FieldClimate.com\">FieldClimate<\/a>.<\/span> O d\u00e9fice de press\u00e3o de vapor (VPD) \u00e9 um valor calculado a partir da humidade relativa e da temperatura do ar e est\u00e1 em estreita rela\u00e7\u00e3o com a evapotranspira\u00e7\u00e3o.\n<\/br><\/br>\nVPD \u00e9 uma indica\u00e7\u00e3o que tem em conta o efeito das temperaturas na capacidade de reten\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00e1gua do ar, que \u00e9 o que impulsiona a transpira\u00e7\u00e3o da superf\u00edcie da folha (a transpira\u00e7\u00e3o ocorre quando a press\u00e3o da \u00e1gua nas folhas \u00e9 superior \u00e0 press\u00e3o do vapor de ar).\n<\/br><\/br>\n\u00c9 a diferen\u00e7a entre a quantidade de humidade no ar e a quantidade de humidade que o ar pode reter quando est\u00e1 saturado (100 % RH). Quando o ar estiver saturado (o vapor come\u00e7a a condensar) as nuvens formar-se-\u00e3o, orvalho formar-se-\u00e1, e a humidade das folhas aparecer\u00e1.\n<\/br><\/br>\nSe tivermos <strong>baixo VPD<\/strong>isto significa que <strong>RH<\/strong> \u00e9 <strong>alto<\/strong> e <strong>transpira\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong> \u00e9 <strong>baixo<\/strong>Temos tamb\u00e9m a humidade das folhas.\n<\/br><\/br>\nSe tivermos <strong>VPD elevado<\/strong>isto significa que <strong>RH<\/strong> \u00e9 <strong>baixo<\/strong>n\u00e3o h\u00e1 humidade das folhas, e as plantas precisam de retirar mais \u00e1gua com as suas ra\u00edzes - <strong>alta transpira\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>.\n<\/br><\/br>\n<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/vpd-table.jpg\" alt=\"Tabela VPD\" width=\"521\" height=\"599\" \/>\n<\/br><\/br>\nTabela 1: Press\u00e3o de vapor (mBar) a v\u00e1rias temperaturas do ar (\u00b0C) e humidades relativas (%).\n<\/br><\/br>\n<strong>O QUE \u00c9 NECESS\u00c1RIO PARA OS C\u00c1LCULOS?<\/strong><\/br>\n- Temperatura do ar (de HC)<\/br>\n- Humidade relativa (do HC)\n<\/br><\/br>\nPodemos ent\u00e3o calcular a press\u00e3o de satura\u00e7\u00e3o. A press\u00e3o de satura\u00e7\u00e3o pode ser consultada numa carta psicrom\u00e9trica ou derivada da equa\u00e7\u00e3o de Arrhenius, uma forma de a calcular directamente a partir da temperatura \u00e9:\n<\/br><\/br>\n<img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/vpd-chart.jpg\" alt=\"vpd-chart\" width=\"622\" height=\"456\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 622px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 622\/456;\" \/>\n<\/br><\/br>\n<strong>Figura 1:<\/strong> Gr\u00e1fico psicrom\u00e9trico\n<\/br><\/br>\n<strong>COMO \u00c9 MOSTRADO EM FieldClimate?<\/strong>\n<\/br><\/br>\n<img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/VPD-graph.jpg\" alt=\"Gr\u00e1fico VPD em FieldClimate\" width=\"1575\" height=\"458\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1575px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1575\/458;\" \/>\n<\/br><\/br>\n<strong>Figura 2:<\/strong> Gr\u00e1fico VPD no FieldClimate mostrando o d\u00e9fice de press\u00e3o de vapor (mBar), temperatura do ar (\u00b0C) e humidade relativa (%).\n<\/br><\/br>\n&nbsp;\n<h4><strong>2. CASOS DE UTILIZA\u00c7\u00c3O<\/strong><\/h4>\n<strong>2.1 TOO HIGH VPD (humidade demasiado baixa)<\/strong>\n<\/br><\/br>\nA taxa de evapotranspira\u00e7\u00e3o das folhas pode exceder o fornecimento de \u00e1gua atrav\u00e9s das ra\u00edzes - os estomas fechar-se-\u00e3o e a fotossint\u00e9se abrandar\u00e1 ou parar\u00e1. As folhas correm o risco de les\u00f5es a altas temperaturas, uma vez que o arrefecimento evaporativo \u00e9 reduzido.\n<\/br><\/br>\nPara evitar ferimentos e morte por murchid\u00e3o, muitas esp\u00e9cies de plantas ir\u00e3o enrolar as suas folhas ou orient\u00e1-las para baixo na tentativa de expor menos \u00e1rea de superf\u00edcie ao sol. Isto pode degradar a qualidade das plantas em vasos e folhagens e pode tamb\u00e9m reduzir a taxa de crescimento e a qualidade das culturas vegetais.\n<\/br><\/br>\n<img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/vpd-ranges-rh-temp.jpg\" alt=\"vpd-ranges-rh-temp\" width=\"430\" height=\"361\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 430px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 430\/361;\" \/>\n<\/br><\/br>\n<img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/vpd-ranges.jpg\" alt=\"vpd-ranges\" width=\"388\" height=\"167\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 388px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 388\/167;\" \/>\n<\/br><\/br>\n<strong>2.2 TOO LOW VPD (humidade demasiado elevada)<\/strong>\n<ul>\n \t<li>As plantas s\u00e3o incapazes de evaporar \u00e1gua suficiente para permitir o transporte de minerais (c\u00e1lcio) para as c\u00e9lulas vegetais em crescimento, mesmo que os estomas possam estar totalmente abertos.<\/li>\n \t<li>Com um VPD extremamente baixo, a \u00e1gua pode condensar em folhas, frutos e outras partes de plantas. Isto pode fornecer um meio para o crescimento de fungos e doen\u00e7as.<\/li>\n \t<li>A baixo VPD tamb\u00e9m pode ocorrer adivinha\u00e7\u00e3o (as plantas exsudam \u00e1gua das suas c\u00e9lulas foliares).<\/li>\n \t<li>Quando as plantas n\u00e3o conseguem evaporar a \u00e1gua, a press\u00e3o excessiva de turgor dentro das c\u00e9lulas pode causar fendas e rachaduras nos frutos (por exemplo, tomate).<\/li>\n \t<li>Nos casos em que o VPD alterna entre demasiado alto e demasiado baixo, a qualidade da fruta pode ser afectada negativamente por fissuras de contrac\u00e7\u00e3o na pele da fruta, uma vez que a press\u00e3o do turgor se expande alternadamente e contrai as c\u00e9lulas cheias de \u00e1gua na fruta.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\n<\/br><\/br>\n<strong>2.3 UTILIZA\u00c7\u00c3O DE VPD EM BER\u00c7\u00c1RIO<\/strong>\n<\/br><\/br>\n<strong>1.<\/strong> Mudas rec\u00e9m enraizadas ou apenas mudas germinadas ou plantas jovens, com folhagem limitada e um pequeno sistema radicular. Estas plantas devem ter baixa transpira\u00e7\u00e3o, pelo que \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio mant\u00ea-las a baixa VPD (4 - 8 mbar) a fim de se conseguir que se estabele\u00e7a uma HR elevada (dependendo da temperatura).\n<\/br><\/br>\n<strong>2.<\/strong> Plantas bem estabelecidas, com folhagem e sistema radicular desenvolvidos. Estas plantas devem ter um VPD mais elevado (8 - 12 mbar), o que significa que precisamos de manter um baixo RH (dependendo da temperatura), e que temos uma alta transpira\u00e7\u00e3o. Conseguimos com isso:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Plantas mais saud\u00e1veis, devido \u00e0 menor press\u00e3o das doen\u00e7as (baixa HR).<\/li>\n \t<li>Mais absor\u00e7\u00e3o de nutrientes, devido a mais actividade do sistema radicular (alta transpira\u00e7\u00e3o), tamb\u00e9m mais absor\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00e1gua.<\/li>\n \t<li>Se mantivermos o VPD elevado a uma temperatura mais baixa (RH mais elevado), evitaremos o stress de transpira\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-64c5074 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"64c5074\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7155275\" data-id=\"7155275\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcfbd53 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"bcfbd53\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"dew\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6dfb758 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6dfb758\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PONTO DE COMERCIALIZA\u00c7\u00c3O<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ba4b8f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1ba4b8f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>O ponto de orvalho \u00e9 a temperatura \u00e0 qual o ar \u00e9 saturado com vapor de \u00e1gua. Quando o ar atinge a temperatura do ponto de orvalho a uma determinada press\u00e3o, o vapor de \u00e1gua no ar est\u00e1 em equil\u00edbrio com a \u00e1gua l\u00edquida, o que significa que o vapor de \u00e1gua est\u00e1 a condensar ao mesmo ritmo a que a \u00e1gua l\u00edquida est\u00e1 a evaporar.<\/p><p>Abaixo do ponto de orvalho, a \u00e1gua l\u00edquida come\u00e7ar\u00e1 a condensar-se em superf\u00edcies s\u00f3lidas (tais como l\u00e2minas de relva) ou \u00e0 volta de part\u00edculas s\u00f3lidas na atmosfera (tais como p\u00f3 ou sal), formando nuvens ou nevoeiro. Se a humidade relativa for 100%, a temperatura do ponto de orvalho \u00e9 a mesma que a temperatura do ar. Assim, o ar \u00e9 saturado. Se a temperatura diminuir, mas a quantidade de vapor de \u00e1gua permanecer constante, a \u00e1gua come\u00e7ar\u00e1 a condensar-se. Esta \u00e1gua condensada \u00e9 chamada orvalho assim que se forma numa superf\u00edcie s\u00f3lida. \u00c9 expressa em graus Celsius (\u00b0C), bem como em graus Fahrenheit (\u00b0F).<\/p><p><strong><em>Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es<\/em><\/strong><br \/>A temperatura do ponto de orvalho pode ser usada para prever quando um\u00a0<strong>geada radiativa<\/strong>\u00a0ter\u00e1 lugar. Por exemplo, se os c\u00e9us estiverem limpos, os ventos forem leves, e a temperatura do ar \u00e0s 18 horas for de 7,2 \u00b0C (45\u00b0F), mas o ponto de orvalho for de -2,2 \u00b0C (28\u00b0F), ent\u00e3o h\u00e1 um potencial para matar a geada. Mais uma vez, este \u00e9 o potencial a que a temperatura pode descer em condi\u00e7\u00f5es ideais, mas muito provavelmente n\u00e3o a temperatura realmente baixa.<\/p><p>Pontos de orvalho altos podem ser usados como um\u00a0<strong>previs\u00e3o de mau tempo<\/strong>. Quanto mais alto for o ponto de orvalho, mais humidade no ar para um desenvolvimento clim\u00e1tico severo. Se os pontos de orvalho estiverem abaixo dos 13\u00b0C (55\u00b0F), as condi\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o geralmente\u00a0<strong>est\u00e1vel<\/strong>se a temperatura for de cerca de 18\u00b0C (entre 55 a 64\u00b0F) semi-h\u00famido e\u00a0<strong>semi-est\u00e1vel<\/strong>, cerca de 18\u00b0C (65 a 74\u00b0F) h\u00famidos e\u00a0<strong>inst\u00e1vel<\/strong>\u00a0e acima de 23\u00b0C (74\u00b0F) muito h\u00famidos e\u00a0<strong>muito inst\u00e1vel<\/strong>. H\u00e1 uma s\u00e9rie de outros factores necess\u00e1rios para condi\u00e7\u00f5es meteorol\u00f3gicas severas, mas a temperatura do ponto de orvalho \u00e9 um factor importante.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9b37f89 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9b37f89\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-460ee1f\" data-id=\"460ee1f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db2aee2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"db2aee2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"delta-t\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f791dbd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f791dbd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">DELTA T<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47bd91d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"47bd91d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a name=\"overview\"><\/a><\/p><h4><strong>1.OVERVIEW<\/strong><\/h4><p><strong>O QUE \u00c9 O DELTA T?<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>O c\u00e1lculo do Delta T requer um sensor higroclip (Temperatura do ar e Humidade relativa) instalado no METOS<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> esta\u00e7\u00e3o: os dados podem ser visualizados no FieldClimate em gr\u00e1ficos e tabelas com uma resolu\u00e7\u00e3o detalhada.<\/li><li>\u00c9 uma medida que tem em conta os efeitos combinados da temperatura e humidade e indica se as condi\u00e7\u00f5es clim\u00e1ticas s\u00e3o adequadas para a pulveriza\u00e7\u00e3o a fim de maximizar o desempenho dos pesticidas (A. MacGregor, 2010).<\/li><li>A gama Delta T \u00f3ptima situa-se entre 2\u00b0C e 8\u00b0C.<\/li><li>Embora aplic\u00e1vel durante todo o ano, \u00e9 especialmente utilizado no Ver\u00e3o, uma vez que temperaturas mais elevadas e baixa humidade relativa limitam o tempo de pulveriza\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/li><li>Continuar a monitorizar a leitura do Delta T e estabelecer uma pulveriza\u00e7\u00e3o eficiente dentro do prazo. As condi\u00e7\u00f5es meteorol\u00f3gicas podem mudar rapidamente durante o dia, pelo que ter a capacidade de monitorizar o delta T pode ajudar a melhorar o desempenho dos pesticidas.<\/li><\/ul><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-40727 size-medium aligncenter lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Pessl-Instruments-Hygroclip-300x244.png\" alt=\"Pessl Instruments Hygroclip (Temperatura do ar e Humidade relativa)\" width=\"300\" height=\"244\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Pessl-Instruments-Hygroclip-300x244.png 300w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Pessl-Instruments-Hygroclip.png 716w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 300px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 300\/244;\" \/><\/p><p><strong>Figura 1:<\/strong> Sensor de temperatura do ar e humidade relativa Hygroclip<\/p><p><a name=\"delta-t-calculations\"><\/a><\/p><h4><strong>2. C\u00c1LCULOS DELTA T<\/strong><\/h4><h4>Sensores necess\u00e1rios:<\/h4><ul><li>Temperatura do ar (de Hygroclip)<\/li><li>Humidade relativa (de hygroclip)<\/li><\/ul><p>O Delta T \u00e9 calculado subtraindo a temperatura do bolbo h\u00famido \u00e0 temperatura do bolbo seco.<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-49932 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Delta-T-calculations.png\" alt=\"C\u00e1lculos Delta T\" width=\"550\" height=\"484\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Delta-T-calculations.png 770w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Delta-T-calculations-300x264.png 300w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Delta-T-calculations-768x676.png 768w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Delta-T-calculations-14x12.png 14w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 550px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 550\/484;\" \/><\/p><p><strong>Figura 2:<\/strong> A rela\u00e7\u00e3o do Delta T com a temperatura e humidade relativa. Uma directriz comum de pulveriza\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 pulverizar quando o Delta T est\u00e1 entre 2 e 8, com cuidado abaixo de 2 ou acima de 10 (\u00e1reas amarelas). Um valor de Delta T acima de 8\u00b0C est\u00e1 associado a temperaturas mais altas e humidade relativa mais baixa, se inferior a 2\u00b0C est\u00e1 relacionado com valores elevados de humidade relativa. Fonte: Adaptado por Gramae Tepper (2012) originariamente proveniente da tabela de decis\u00f5es da Nufarm em mat\u00e9ria de pulveriza\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/p><p><a name=\"delta-t-in-fieldclimate\"><\/a><\/p><h4><strong>3. DELTA T NO CLIMA DE CAMPO<\/strong><\/h4><p>O Delta T est\u00e1 integrado no <strong>Janela de Spraying Climate Window<\/strong>. Est\u00e1 dispon\u00edvel como uma previs\u00e3o precisa de 7 dias, calculada numa base hor\u00e1ria e calibrada com os dados do seu METOS<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> esta\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49934 lazyload\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/FieldClimate-delta-t.jpg\" alt=\"FieldClimate-delta t\" width=\"1608\" height=\"464\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/FieldClimate-delta-t.jpg 1608w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/FieldClimate-delta-t-300x87.jpg 300w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/FieldClimate-delta-t-1024x295.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/FieldClimate-delta-t-768x222.jpg 768w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/FieldClimate-delta-t-1536x443.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/FieldClimate-delta-t-18x5.jpg 18w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1608px) 100vw, 1608px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1608px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1608\/464;\" \/><\/p><p><strong>Figura 3:<\/strong> A tend\u00eancia Delta T em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 temperatura do ar e humidade relativa em <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.fieldclimate.com\/\">FieldClimate<\/a>.<\/span><\/p><p><a name=\"how-to-use-it\"><\/a><\/p><h4><strong>4. COMO UTILIZAR<\/strong><\/h4><p>S\u00e3o necess\u00e1rias leituras do estado do tempo no local antes de cada pulveriza\u00e7\u00e3o, em particular uma leitura ao vivo do Delta T \u00e9 sempre recomendada.<\/p><ul><li>Definir um limiar m\u00ednimo ou m\u00e1ximo para aviso por SMS. A leitura Delta T ao vivo \u00e9 actualizada a cada 5 minutos.<\/li><li>Para uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o de pulveriza\u00e7\u00e3o mais eficaz combine o Delta T com mais par\u00e2metros meteorol\u00f3gicos, por exemplo, velocidade e direc\u00e7\u00e3o do vento: evitar condi\u00e7\u00f5es de vento vari\u00e1veis ou rajadas ou demasiado calmas.<\/li><\/ul><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49935 lazyload\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/use-delta-t.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1393\" height=\"579\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/use-delta-t.jpg 1393w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/use-delta-t-300x125.jpg 300w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/use-delta-t-1024x426.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/use-delta-t-768x319.jpg 768w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/use-delta-t-18x7.jpg 18w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1393px) 100vw, 1393px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1393px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1393\/579;\" \/><\/p><p><strong>Figura 4:<\/strong> Inserir valores marginais Delta T em FieldClimate.<\/p><p><strong><a>DELTA T DEMASIADO BAIXO<\/a><\/strong><\/p><ul><li>A sobreviv\u00eancia das gotas ser\u00e1 muito longa, levando ao aumento do potencial de deriva - evite pulverizar com RH&gt;95%.<\/li><li>A pulveriza\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o escorre da folha por causa do orvalho ou nevoeiro.<\/li><li>Evitar a pulveriza\u00e7\u00e3o durante condi\u00e7\u00f5es de vento calmo - a camada de invers\u00e3o, portanto, deriva.<\/li><\/ul><p><strong><a>DELTA T DEMASIADO ALTO<\/a><\/strong><\/p><ul><li>Evitar valores superiores a 10\u00b0C.<\/li><li>Evitar a pulveriza\u00e7\u00e3o em temperaturas do ar superiores a 28\u00b0C.<\/li><li>Impacto potencial na sobreviv\u00eancia das gotas e na taxa de evapora\u00e7\u00e3o: as gotas de pulveriza\u00e7\u00e3o evaporar\u00e3o da folha da planta antes que esta tenha tempo de entrar no tecido vegetal.<\/li><li>Situa\u00e7\u00f5es stressantes para a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o de herbicidas.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d205af1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d205af1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-15ba5c9\" data-id=\"15ba5c9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcc9518 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"bcc9518\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"pore-ec\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ed35da elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5ed35da\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PORE EC<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5306f92 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5306f92\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Para o sensor Decagon 5TE \u00e9 agora poss\u00edvel calcular em FieldClimate o Pore EC de acordo com o m\u00e9todo ilustrado no <em>Operadores de 5TE. Manual Vers\u00e3o 3 - Decagon<\/em>, derivado de Hilhorst, M.A. 2000. Para activar o c\u00e1lculo, \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio lig\u00e1-lo no <em>Configura\u00e7\u00e3o da humidade do solo<\/em> como indicado na Fig. 1. O c\u00e1lculo requer um termo de desvio, que Decagon recomenda que seja igual a 6. Este \u00e9 tamb\u00e9m o valor por defeito inserido no FieldClimate, mas \u00e9 poss\u00edvel alter\u00e1-lo na caixa relativa indicada na Fig. 1, uma vez que Hilhorst se aplica a diferentes valores de solos e meios entre 1,9 e 7,6 e sugere a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de um valor m\u00e9dio de 4,1.<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-49942 aligncenter lazyload\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/pore-ec.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"214\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/pore-ec.png 625w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/pore-ec-300x103.png 300w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/pore-ec-18x6.png 18w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 625px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 625\/214;\" \/><\/p><p><strong>Figura 1<\/strong> - Apenas para o sensor Decagon 5TE: activa\u00e7\u00e3o do c\u00e1lculo da CE do poro e defini\u00e7\u00e3o do termo de compensa\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p><p><strong>NOTA IMPORTANTE:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>Lembre-se que CE a granel, CE poro e CE por solu\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o vari\u00e1veis diferentes.<\/li><li>O modelo aplicado n\u00e3o pode ser utilizado em solo seco. Como regra geral, o modelo aplica-se para a maioria dos solos normais e outros substratos, se VWC &gt; 10% . Em qualquer caso, o c\u00e1lculo s\u00f3 \u00e9 v\u00e1lido com uma permissividade a granel superior ao termo de compensa\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6e1b814 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6e1b814\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ba636a8\" data-id=\"ba636a8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a34794e elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"a34794e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"evapotranspiration\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bf9f80 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1bf9f80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">EVAPOTRANSPIRA\u00c7\u00c3O<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d19f3cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d19f3cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A evapotranspira\u00e7\u00e3o di\u00e1ria ET0 \u00e9 calculada com a equa\u00e7\u00e3o Penman-Monteith da FAO-56 e necessita de medi\u00e7\u00f5es (sensores) de:<\/p><ul><li>Temperatura do ar<\/li><li>Humidade do ar<\/li><li>Radia\u00e7\u00e3o solar<\/li><li>Velocidade do vento<\/li><\/ul><p>ET0 permite-nos saber quanta \u00e1gua a planta necessita para crescer todos os dias, com base na procura atmosf\u00e9rica. Esta \u00e1gua prov\u00e9m da humidade do solo da zona radicular e\/ou da precipita\u00e7\u00e3o. Num dia t\u00edpico de calor, uma cultura de milho pode usar 7 a 9 mm ou cerca de 1\/3 de uma polegada de \u00e1gua. Numa semana que pode ser de 30 a 50 mm de \u00e1gua. Isto permite-nos planear quanta \u00e1gua potencial \u00e9 necess\u00e1ria para manter a sa\u00fade e o rendimento da cultura.<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-49949 aligncenter lazyload\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ET-daily-evapotranspiration.jpg\" alt=\"ET-daily-evapotranspira\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"1024\" height=\"511\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ET-daily-evapotranspiration.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ET-daily-evapotranspiration-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ET-daily-evapotranspiration-768x383.jpg 768w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ET-daily-evapotranspiration-18x9.jpg 18w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/511;\" \/><\/p><p>Outro m\u00e9todo para avaliar as taxas de evapotranspira\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de panelas de evapotranspira\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>VIRTUAL SENSORS VAPOUR PRESSURE DEFICIT DEW POINT DELTA T PORE EC EVAPOTRANSPIRATION VPD 1. INTRODUCTION WHAT IS VAPOUR PRESSURE DEFICIT? If you have a METOS\u00ae device with hygroclip sensor (air temperature and relative humidity) now you can also see Vapour pressure deficit values and chart in FieldClimate. Vapour pressure deficit (VPD) is a value calculated [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"ocean_front_end_style_editor":"no","ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"on","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-49909","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Virtual sensors - METOS by Pessl Instruments<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/pt\/virtual-sensors\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Virtual sensors - METOS by Pessl Instruments\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"VIRTUAL SENSORS VAPOUR PRESSURE DEFICIT DEW POINT DELTA T PORE EC EVAPOTRANSPIRATION VPD 1. 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