{"id":49317,"date":"2022-12-01T13:59:30","date_gmt":"2022-12-01T13:59:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.metos.global\/?page_id=49317"},"modified":"2026-05-04T09:39:16","modified_gmt":"2026-05-04T09:39:16","slug":"disease-models-chilli-eggplant-paprika","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/metos.global\/hu\/disease-models-chilli-eggplant-paprika\/","title":{"rendered":"Betegs\u00e9gmodellek - chili, padlizs\u00e1n \u00e9s paprika"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"49317\" class=\"elementor elementor-49317\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-500122d elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"500122d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7c4fe39\" data-id=\"7c4fe39\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83f9415 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"83f9415\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-chilli-eggplant-and-paprika.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-49498\" alt=\"Betegs\u00e9gmodellek - chili, padlizs\u00e1n \u00e9s paprika\" srcset=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-chilli-eggplant-and-paprika.png 1920w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-chilli-eggplant-and-paprika-300x55.png 300w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-chilli-eggplant-and-paprika-1024x187.png 1024w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-chilli-eggplant-and-paprika-768x140.png 768w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-chilli-eggplant-and-paprika-1536x280.png 1536w, https:\/\/metos.global\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Disease-Models-chilli-eggplant-and-paprika-18x3.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e02baba elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e02baba\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e30e9be\" data-id=\"e30e9be\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5eb46eb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5eb46eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Chili, padlizs\u00e1n \u00e9s paprika <\/b>betegs\u00e9gmodellek\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ffd8a2f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ffd8a2f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00a0<\/p><p>A bors vil\u00e1gszerte fontos kereskedelmi z\u00f6lds\u00e9gn\u00f6v\u00e9ny. A paprikatermeszt\u00e9st gyakran egy vagy t\u00f6bb betegs\u00e9g okozta probl\u00e9ma s\u00falyosan korl\u00e1tozza. Ez a tartalom sz\u00e1mos gyakran megfigyelt betegs\u00e9g t\u00fcneteit \u00e9s az FieldClimate-ben az el\u0151rejelz\u00e9s\u00fckh\u00f6z haszn\u00e1lt modelleket ismerteti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f925395 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f925395\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-248525a\" data-id=\"248525a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4968852 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4968852\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#chilli-eggplant-paprika-alternaria-and-tomcast\">ALTERNARIA \u00c9S TOMCAST -<\/br><em>Alternaria solani <\/em><\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dfd8056\" data-id=\"dfd8056\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b79bbc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1b79bbc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#chilli-eggplant-paprika-powdery-mildew\">POROS MILDEW<\/br>KOCKAMODELL<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1a51271\" data-id=\"1a51271\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77556d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"77556d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#chilli-eggplant-paprika-grey-mould\">SZ\u00dcRKE FORMA -<\/br><em>Botrytis cinerea<\/em><\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c142a83 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c142a83\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-406680a\" data-id=\"406680a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ca3781 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8ca3781\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"#chilli-eggplant-paprika-phytophthora-blight\">PHYTOPHTHORA BLIGHT -<\/br><em>Phytophthora capsici<\/em><\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8f6fea8\" data-id=\"8f6fea8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7b6393e\" data-id=\"7b6393e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3825854 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3825854\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7475ed9\" data-id=\"7475ed9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04d3529 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"04d3529\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"#recommended-equipment\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Aj\u00e1nlott felszerel\u00e9s<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e841975 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e841975\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0c355ed\" data-id=\"0c355ed\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e875f3 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"7e875f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c0d41fc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c0d41fc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e49411f\" data-id=\"e49411f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b31205 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"0b31205\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"chilli-eggplant-paprika-alternaria-and-tomcast\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc85f42 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fc85f42\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Alternaria \u00e9s TomCast<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60cb569 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"60cb569\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89308c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"89308c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Alternaria<\/h3><p><em>Alternaria solani<\/em>\u00a0alkalmank\u00e9nt lev\u00e9lfoltoss\u00e1got okoz a paprika lombozat\u00e1n.\u00a0<em>Alternaria alternata<\/em>\u00a0gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsrothad\u00e1st okozhat, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen a napperzsel\u00e9st vagy a vir\u00e1gv\u00e9gek rothad\u00e1s\u00e1t k\u00f6vet\u0151en. A paprika term\u00e9s\u00e9n a napperzsel\u00e9s \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban akkor jelentkezik, amikor a lombozat ritk\u00e1s, \u00e9s a paprik\u00e1t napf\u00e9ny \u00e9ri. A s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9s lebarnul \u00e9s \u00f6sszezsugorodik, \u00e9s v\u00edzzel \u00e1titatottnak t\u0171nhet. Amikor az Alternaria megtelepszik ezeken a s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9seken, azok csokol\u00e1d\u00e9barn\u00e1t\u00f3l a feket\u00e9ig terjed\u0151 sz\u00edn\u0171v\u00e9 v\u00e1lnak, \u00e9s a gomba filces, s\u00f6t\u00e9tbarn\u00e1t\u00f3l a feket\u00e9ig terjed\u0151, filces kin\u00f6v\u00e9ssel v\u00e1lhat l\u00e1that\u00f3v\u00e1. Az Alternaria gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsrothad\u00e1s a betakar\u00edt\u00e1s ut\u00e1n is el\u0151fordulhat.<\/p><p>A gomba\u00a0<u>a sz\u00e1rat, leveleket \u00e9s gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcs\u00f6ket fert\u0151zi<\/u>. A magoncokat a mag\u00e1gyban elsz\u00e1rad\u00e1st okozhat. A leveleken a barna k\u00f6r alak\u00fa foltokat gyakran s\u00e1rga ter\u00fclet veszi k\u00f6r\u00fcl. A lev\u00e9lfoltok jellegzetes s\u00f6t\u00e9t, koncentrikus gy\u0171r\u0171kkel rendelkeznek. A lev\u00e9lfoltok \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban a legid\u0151sebb leveleken jelennek meg el\u0151sz\u00f6r, \u00e9s a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyen felfel\u00e9 haladva jelennek meg. A betegs\u00e9g el\u0151rehaladt\u00e1val a gomba megfert\u0151zheti a sz\u00e1rat \u00e9s a term\u00e9st. A gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcs\u00f6k\u00f6n megjelen\u0151 foltok hasonl\u00f3an n\u00e9znek ki, mint a leveleken - barn\u00e1k, s\u00f6t\u00e9t, koncentrikus gy\u0171r\u0171kkel. A koncentrikus gy\u0171r\u0171kben s\u00f6t\u00e9t, porszer\u0171 sp\u00f3r\u00e1k keletkeznek. A sp\u00f3r\u00e1k l\u00e1that\u00f3ak, ha a foltot vil\u00e1gos sz\u00edn\u0171 t\u00e1rgyhoz \u00e9rintj\u00fck.<\/p><p>A gomba k\u00e9pes\u00a0<u>t\u00fal\u00e9lnek a talajban, valamint a fert\u0151z\u00f6tt n\u00f6v\u00e9nyi \u00e9s gyomn\u00f6v\u00e9ny-maradv\u00e1nyokban<\/u>. Lehet magr\u00f3l terjed\u0151 \u00e9s\u00a0<u>a sz\u00e9l, a v\u00edz, a rovarok, a munk\u00e1sok \u00e9s a mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi g\u00e9pek \u00e1ltal sz\u00e1ll\u00edtott szennyez\u0151d\u00e9sek<\/u>. A n\u00f6v\u00e9nyeken landol\u00f3 sp\u00f3r\u00e1k cs\u00edr\u00e1znak \u00e9s megfert\u0151zik a leveleket, ha azok nedvesek. A sp\u00f3r\u00e1k bejuthatnak a lev\u00e9lbe, a g\u0151zbe vagy a gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsbe. A gomba a legakt\u00edvabb\u00a0<u>enyhe vagy meleg h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet \u00e9s nedves id\u0151j\u00e1r\u00e1s eset\u00e9n<\/u>. A betegs\u00e9g rosszabb az es\u0151s \u00e9vszakban. A korai foltoss\u00e1g a legs\u00falyosabb a nagy gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsterhel\u00e9s, a fon\u00e1lf\u00e9rgek t\u00e1mad\u00e1sa vagy az alacsony nitrog\u00e9nterm\u00e9kenys\u00e9g \u00e1ltal megterhelt n\u00f6v\u00e9nyeken.<\/p><p>A legt\u00f6bb paprikafajta \u00e9rz\u00e9kenys\u00e9ge az Alternaria-ra nagyon alacsony. Ez\u00e9rt a TomCast-modell haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val a cselekv\u00e9si k\u00fcsz\u00f6b\u00e9rt\u00e9ket a fajta specifikus fog\u00e9konys\u00e1g\u00e1hoz kell igaz\u00edtani. A padlizs\u00e1n fog\u00e9kony az Alternari\u00e1ra. Erre a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyre az eredetileg a paradicsomn\u00e1l haszn\u00e1lt k\u00fcsz\u00f6b\u00e9rt\u00e9kek megfelel\u0151bbek.<\/p><h3>TomCast modell<\/h3><p>A TomCast modellt \u00fagy tervezt\u00e9k, hogy ki\u00e9rt\u00e9kelje az els\u0151 sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges permetez\u00e9s \u00e9s a sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges permetez\u00e9si interszeptum adatait. Sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1sa a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k alapj\u00e1n t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik\u00a0<u>a lev\u00e9lnedves \u00f3r\u00e1k (vagy a 90%-n\u00e9l nagyobb relat\u00edv p\u00e1ratartalom) \u00e9s az ezen id\u0151szak alatti \u00e1tlagh\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet alapja<\/u>. Minden napot ki\u00e9rt\u00e9kelnek, \u00e9s minden nap kap egy 0 \u00e9s 4 k\u00f6z\u00f6tti s\u00falyoss\u00e1gi sz\u00e1mot.<\/p><p>Az els\u0151 permetez\u00e9s id\u0151pontj\u00e1nak \u00e9s a permetez\u00e9s megism\u00e9tl\u00e9s\u00e9nek id\u0151pontj\u00e1nak meg\u00e1llap\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 adatokat kell megadni\u00a0<u>a felhalmozott s\u00falyoss\u00e1gi \u00e9rt\u00e9keket haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k<\/u>. A rendszerint alacsony fog\u00e9konys\u00e1g\u00fa paprikafajt\u00e1kn\u00e1l magas \u00e9rt\u00e9k (40 \u00e9s t\u00f6bb) is elfogadhat\u00f3. A j\u00e9ges\u0151h\u00f6z hasonl\u00f3 k\u00e1rokat k\u00f6vet\u0151en a fog\u00e9konys\u00e1g sokkal nagyobb, \u00e9s a felhalmozott s\u00falyoss\u00e1gi \u00e9rt\u00e9keket 18-25-re kell cs\u00f6kkenteni. Ezt a k\u00fcsz\u00f6b\u00e9rt\u00e9ket a padlizs\u00e1n eset\u00e9ben is alkalmazni kell.<\/p><p>Kimenet Fieldclimate-ban: A lev\u00e9lnedvess\u00e9g \u00e9s a h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet kedvez\u0151 k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyei alapj\u00e1n az adott id\u0151szakon bel\u00fcl a s\u00falyoss\u00e1gi \u00e9rt\u00e9kek felhalmoz\u00f3dnak (l\u00e1sd a fenti t\u00e1bl\u00e1zatot). \u00d6sszesen 24 s\u00falyoss\u00e1gi \u00e9rt\u00e9ket halmoztak fel a j\u00falius 10. \u00e9s augusztus 27. k\u00f6z\u00f6tti megfigyelt id\u0151szakban. A fajta (fog\u00e9konys\u00e1g) \u00e9s a s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9sek s\u00falyoss\u00e1gi \u00e9rt\u00e9keinek f\u00fcggv\u00e9ny\u00e9ben a permetez\u00e9s kb. 40 SV-n\u00e9l javasolt (nem fog\u00e9kony fajta, nincs s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9s), vagy kb. 20 SV-n\u00e9l, ha a s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9sek j\u00e9ges\u0151 miatt jelentkeznek, vagy a fajta nagyon fog\u00e9kony a k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3ra.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b8f02f9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b8f02f9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-252b038\" data-id=\"252b038\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a42a5a7 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"a42a5a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6ace62b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6ace62b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0b4ae3e\" data-id=\"0b4ae3e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-304814a elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"304814a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"chilli-eggplant-paprika-powdery-mildew\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-376cc21 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"376cc21\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lisztharmat kock\u00e1zati modell<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d9a389b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d9a389b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa70448 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"aa70448\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Poros lisztharmat<\/h3><p>A lisztharmat els\u0151sorban a paprikan\u00f6v\u00e9nyek leveleit \u00e9rinti. B\u00e1r a betegs\u00e9g \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban az id\u0151sebb leveleken jelentkezik, k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl a term\u00e9sk\u00f6t\u00e9s el\u0151tt vagy a term\u00e9sk\u00f6t\u00e9skor, a n\u00f6v\u00e9ny fejl\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9nek b\u00e1rmely szakasz\u00e1ban kialakulhat. A t\u00fcnetek k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartozik a foltos, feh\u00e9r, porszer\u0171 n\u00f6veked\u00e9s, amely megn\u00f6vekszik, \u00e9s a teljes als\u00f3 lev\u00e9lfel\u00fcletet bebor\u00edtja. Id\u0151nk\u00e9nt a pork\u00e9pz\u0151d\u00e9s a fels\u0151 lev\u00e9lfel\u00fcleten is jelen van. Az als\u00f3 fel\u00fcleten lisztharmatot n\u00f6veszt\u0151 levelek fels\u0151 fel\u00fclet\u00e9n foltos s\u00e1rg\u00e1s vagy barn\u00e1s elsz\u00ednez\u0151d\u00e9s l\u00e1that\u00f3. A fert\u0151z\u00f6tt levelek sz\u00e9lei felfel\u00e9 g\u00f6rd\u00fclhetnek, felfedve a feh\u00e9r, porszer\u0171 gomb\u00e1sod\u00e1st. A beteg levelek lehullanak a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyekr\u0151l, \u00e9s a gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcs\u00f6t a napnak kit\u00e9ve hagyj\u00e1k, ami nap\u00e9g\u00e9shez vezethet.<\/p><p>A lisztharmat a ny\u00e1r legmelegebb id\u0151szak\u00e1ban s\u00falyos lehet, \u00e9s s\u00falyos term\u00e9skies\u00e9st okozhat. A k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3nak nagyon sz\u00e9les a gazdan\u00f6v\u00e9nyek k\u00f6re, \u00e9s az egyik gazdan\u00f6v\u00e9nyfajb\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 inokulum m\u00e1s gazdan\u00f6v\u00e9nyeket is megfert\u0151zhet. Kaliforni\u00e1ban a lisztharmat inokulum olyan n\u00f6v\u00e9nyekb\u0151l sz\u00e1rmazhat, mint a hagyma, a gyapot, a paradicsom, a paprika minden fajt\u00e1ja, valamint olyan gyomn\u00f6v\u00e9nyekb\u0151l, mint az egy\u00e9ves kikerics \u00e9s a f\u00f6ldi cseresznye. Ez a lisztharmat k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3 abban k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6zik m\u00e1s nemzets\u00e9gek lisztharmat k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3it\u00f3l, hogy els\u0151sorban a lev\u00e9l belsej\u00e9ben, nem pedig a lev\u00e9l fel\u00fclet\u00e9n fordul el\u0151. A Leveillula t\u00f6k\u00e9letes st\u00e1dium\u00fa kleisztot\u00e9ciumok (ivaros sp\u00f3r\u00e1k) ritk\u00e1n fordulnak el\u0151 Kaliforni\u00e1ban, de aszexu\u00e1lis sp\u00f3r\u00e1k (kon\u00eddiumok) keletkeznek \u00e9s a sz\u00e9l \u00e1ltal terjednek. \u00c1ltal\u00e1ban a magas p\u00e1ratartalom kedvez a kon\u00eddiumok cs\u00edr\u00e1z\u00e1s\u00e1nak. A n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek fert\u0151z\u00e9se sz\u00e9les h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet-tartom\u00e1nyban (64\u00b0 \u00e9s 91\u00b0F vagy 18\u00b0 \u00e9s 33\u00b0C k\u00f6z\u00f6tt), magas \u00e9s alacsony p\u00e1ratartalom mellett egyar\u00e1nt el\u0151fordulhat. Kedvez\u0151 k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt a m\u00e1sodlagos fert\u0151z\u00e9sek 7-10 naponk\u00e9nt jelentkeznek, \u00e9s a betegs\u00e9g gyorsan terjedhet. Az \u00e1llam bels\u0151 v\u00f6lgyeiben gyakran el\u0151fordul\u00f3 95\u00b0F feletti h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet \u00e1tmenetileg elnyomhatja a fejl\u0151d\u00e9st.<\/p><h3>Kock\u00e1zati modell<\/h3><ul><li>ha a h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet 6 \u00f3r\u00e1n kereszt\u00fcl vagy ann\u00e1l hosszabb ideig 22\u00b0C \u00e9s 32\u00b0C k\u00f6z\u00f6tt van =&gt; a kock\u00e1zat 20 ponttal n\u0151.<\/li><li>ha a h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet legal\u00e1bb 6 \u00f3r\u00e1n kereszt\u00fcl 32\u00b0C-n\u00e1l magasabb =&gt; a kock\u00e1zat 10 ponttal cs\u00f6kken.<\/li><li>ha a h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet eg\u00e9sz nap 22\u00b0C alatt van =&gt; a kock\u00e1zat 10 ponttal cs\u00f6kken.<\/li><li>ha t\u00f6bb mint 6 \u00f3r\u00e1n \u00e1t nedvesek a levelek =&gt; a kock\u00e1zat 10 ponttal cs\u00f6kken.<\/li><\/ul><p>Ha a kock\u00e1zat 20 alatt van, akkor felt\u00e9telezhet\u0151, hogy a lisztharmat nem tud gyorsan terjedni, \u00e9s a permetez\u00e9si program nagyon kiterjedt lehet. Ha a kock\u00e1zat enn\u00e9l magasabb, akkor a permetez\u00e9si programot el kell kezdeni. 60 pont feletti kock\u00e1zat eset\u00e9n szigor\u00fa \u00e9s hat\u00e9kony permetez\u00e9si programot kell alkalmazni. Biotermeszt\u00e9sben ez mag\u00e1ban foglalja a permetez\u00e9si intercelt cs\u00f6kkent\u00e9s\u00e9t a sulforra.<\/p><p>Az FieldClimate-ben a kock\u00e1zat napi \u00e9rt\u00e9kekben jelenik meg. Az augusztus eleji 20-30\u00b0C-os h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet miatt 100% kock\u00e1zatot kapunk.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-45e2aa7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"45e2aa7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fbeecad\" data-id=\"fbeecad\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79e2b98 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"79e2b98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bc14820 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bc14820\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f4d1531\" data-id=\"f4d1531\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50f8063 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"50f8063\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"chilli-eggplant-paprika-grey-mould\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19462d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"19462d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sz\u00fcrke pen\u00e9sz<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd4637e elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"bd4637e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1cf6b37 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1cf6b37\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Botrytis cinerea<\/em>\u00a0fakultat\u00edv parazita, mivel elhalt n\u00f6v\u00e9nyi anyagokon is megterem. Emiatt mindig jelen van a sz\u0151l\u0151kben, gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcs\u00f6s\u00f6kben \u00e9s az \u00e1lland\u00f3 f\u00f6ldeken.\u00a0<em>Botrytis cinerea<\/em>\u00a0a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151h\u00f6z kapcsol\u00f3dik\u00a0<u>nedves \u00e9ghajlat<\/u>. A fert\u0151z\u00e9s nagyon\u00a0<u>magas relat\u00edv p\u00e1ratartalom<\/u>\u00a0vagy a\u00a0<u>ingyen v\u00edz<\/u>. A gomba nem k\u00e9pes sp\u00f3r\u00e1k \u00fatj\u00e1n megfert\u0151zni az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9ges feln\u0151tt n\u00f6v\u00e9nyi anyagot. A fert\u0151z\u00e9s a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k\u00f6n megy v\u00e9gbe\u00a0<u>fiatal hajt\u00e1sok<\/u>\u00a0hosszabb nedves id\u0151szakokban, vagy j\u00e9ges\u0151 \u00e1ltal megrong\u00e1lt hajt\u00e1sok.<\/p><p><em>Botrytis cinerea<\/em>\u00a0a fert\u0151z\u00e9snek kedvez\u00a0<u>lev\u00e9lnedvess\u00e9g<\/u>. A lev\u00e1lt bogy\u00f3k fert\u0151z\u00e9se eset\u00e9n a fenti grafikonon a lev\u00e9lnedvess\u00e9g id\u0151tartama \u00e9s a fert\u0151z\u00e9shez vezet\u0151 h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet k\u00f6z\u00f6tti \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9s l\u00e1that\u00f3. Ez a meg\u00e1llap\u00edt\u00e1s egy, a UC-Davisban v\u00e9gzett vizsg\u00e1latb\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmazik. Az Pessl Instruments ezt az \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9st veszi alapul a mi\u00a0<em>B. cinerea<\/em>\u00a0kock\u00e1zati modell. A kock\u00e1zat n\u00f6veked\u00e9se ar\u00e1nyos ezzel a grafikonnal, \u00e9s h\u00e1rom befejezett fert\u0151z\u00e9si id\u0151szak 100% kock\u00e1zatot eredm\u00e9nyezne. B\u00e1rmely lev\u00e9lnedves id\u0151szak a kock\u00e1zat n\u00f6veked\u00e9s\u00e9hez vezet, amely ezzel ar\u00e1nyos. A 4 \u00f3r\u00e1n\u00e1l r\u00f6videbb ideig tart\u00f3 lev\u00e9lnedves napok a t\u00e9nyleges \u00e9rt\u00e9k egy\u00f6t\u00f6d\u00e9vel cs\u00f6kkentik a kock\u00e1zatot.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c080e0b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c080e0b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-90f3d5a\" data-id=\"90f3d5a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4527ee2 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"4527ee2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a366149 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a366149\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c31eb39\" data-id=\"c31eb39\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ac1efd elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"8ac1efd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"chilli-eggplant-paprika-phytophthora-blight\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bdfd7be elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bdfd7be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Phytophthora blight<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14f4384 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"14f4384\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23b02f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"23b02f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A fitoft\u00f3ra-fert\u0151z\u00e9s vil\u00e1gszerte az egyik legs\u00falyosabb fenyeget\u00e9ss\u00e9 v\u00e1lt az uborka- \u00e9s paprikatermeszt\u00e9sre.\u00a0<em>Phytophthora capsici<\/em>\u00a0az ubork\u00e1kon el\u0151sz\u00f6r 1937-ben jelentett\u00e9k Kaliforni\u00e1ban \u00e9s Colorad\u00f3ban. Az\u00f3ta a Phytophthora-fert\u0151z\u00e9st a vil\u00e1g legt\u00f6bb z\u00f6lds\u00e9gtermeszt\u0151 ter\u00fclet\u00e9n megfigyelt\u00e9k az ubork\u00e1n \u00e9s a paprik\u00e1n.\u00a0<em>Phytophthora capsici<\/em>\u00a0\u00e1ltal\u00e1ban m\u00e9rs\u00e9kelt \u00e9g\u00f6vi, szubtr\u00f3pusi \u00e9s tr\u00f3pusi k\u00f6rnyezetben fordul el\u0151. Mivel a\u00a0<em>P. capsici<\/em>\u00a0sz\u00e9les gazdan\u00f6v\u00e9nyi k\u00f6rrel rendelkezik, a Phytophthora blight ellen neh\u00e9z v\u00e9dekezni. T\u00f6bb mint 50 n\u00f6v\u00e9nyfaj, k\u00f6zt\u00fck sz\u00e1mos gyomfaj, t\u00f6bb mint 15 csal\u00e1db\u00f3l t\u00f6bb mint 50 n\u00f6v\u00e9nyfaj a gazdan\u00f6v\u00e9nye a\u00a0<em>P. capsici<\/em>. A f\u0151bb gazd\u00e1k k\u00f6z\u00fcl a\u00a0<em>P. capsici<\/em>\u00a0piros \u00e9s z\u00f6ld paprika (<em>Capsicum annuum<\/em>), g\u00f6r\u00f6gdinnye (<em>Citrullum lanatus<\/em>), s\u00e1rgadinnye (<em>Cucumis melo<\/em>), m\u00e9z\u00e9des dinnye (<em>C. melo<\/em>), uborka (<em>Cucumis sativus<\/em>), k\u00e9k Hubbard t\u00f6k (<em>Cucurbita maxima<\/em>), makk t\u00f6k (<em>Cucurbita moschata<\/em>), t\u00f6k (<em>C. moschata<\/em>), t\u00f6kfeldolgoz\u00e1s (<em>C. moschata<\/em>), s\u00e1rga t\u00f6k (<em>Cucurbita pepo<\/em>), cukkinit\u00f6k (<em>C. pepo<\/em>), paradicsom (<em>Lycopersicon esculentum<\/em>), fekete bors (<em>Piper nigrum<\/em>), \u00e9s padlizs\u00e1n (<em>Solanum melongena<\/em>). Jelenleg nincs egyetlen olyan ellen\u0151rz\u00e9si m\u00f3dszer sem, amely alkalmas lenne a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k ellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9re\u00a0<em>P. capsici<\/em>\u00a0az ubork\u00e1kon. Nincsenek olyan uborkafajt\u00e1k, amelyek m\u00e9rhet\u0151en ellen\u00e1ll\u00f3ak lenn\u00e9nek ezzel a betegs\u00e9ggel szemben. A vet\u00e9sforg\u00f3 gyakorlatilag hat\u00e1stalan a betegs\u00e9g elleni v\u00e9dekez\u00e9sben.\u00a0<em>P. capsici<\/em> mivel a k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3 t\u00f6bb \u00e9vig is \u00e9letben maradhat a talajban, \u00e9s t\u00f6bb mint 50 n\u00f6v\u00e9nyfajt k\u00e9pes megfert\u0151zni. A betegs\u00e9g kit\u00f6r\u00e9sei komolyan vesz\u00e9lyeztetik az uborkatermeszt\u00e9st (19. \u00e1bra). Tov\u00e1bbi kutat\u00e1sokra van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g az ubork\u00e1k \u00e9s m\u00e1s z\u00f6lds\u00e9gek Phytophthora-fert\u0151z\u00e9s\u00e9nek kezel\u00e9s\u00e9re szolg\u00e1l\u00f3 hat\u00e9kony strat\u00e9gi\u00e1k kidolgoz\u00e1s\u00e1hoz.<\/p><h3>T\u00fcnetek \u00e9s jelek<\/h3><p>A fitoft\u00f3ra-fert\u0151z\u00e9st az oomyc\u00e9ta n\u00f6v\u00e9nyi k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3 okozza.\u00a0<em>Phytophthora capsici<\/em>. A n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek fert\u0151z\u00e9se a fejl\u0151d\u00e9s b\u00e1rmely szakasz\u00e1ban van. A k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3 megfert\u0151zheti a pal\u00e1nt\u00e1kat, a sz\u0151l\u0151t, a leveleket \u00e9s a gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcs\u00f6ket. A fert\u0151z\u00e9s \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban a sz\u00e1nt\u00f3f\u00f6ldek alacsony ter\u00fcletein jelenik meg el\u0151sz\u00f6r, ahol a talaj tov\u00e1bb marad nedves.<\/p><p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Damping-off<\/span><br \/>A Phytophthora capsici a kel\u00e9s el\u0151tti \u00e9s ut\u00e1ni nedvkering\u00e9st okozza az ubork\u00e1ban\u00a0<u>nedves \u00e9s meleg, 20-30 \u00b0C-os (68-86 \u00b0F) talajviszonyok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt.<\/u>. A pal\u00e1nt\u00e1kon a talaj vonal\u00e1n vagy annak k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben a hipokotiluszon vizes rothad\u00e1s alakul ki, ami a n\u00f6v\u00e9ny pusztul\u00e1s\u00e1hoz vezet. Az \u00e9rett n\u00f6v\u00e9nyeken a koronarothad\u00e1s t\u00fcnetei mutatkoznak. A kel\u00e9s ut\u00e1ni n\u00f6v\u00e9nypusztul\u00e1st a n\u00f6v\u00e9ny hervad\u00e1sa el\u0151zi meg: a n\u00f6v\u00e9ny hirtelen, tart\u00f3s hervad\u00e1sa a lombozat sz\u00edn\u00e9nek megv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sa n\u00e9lk\u00fcl. A lev\u00e9lfonnyad\u00e1s a t\u0151k\u00e9k t\u00f6v\u00e9t\u0151l a v\u00e9gek fel\u00e9 halad. A n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek gyakran az els\u0151 t\u00fcnetek megjelen\u00e9s\u00e9t k\u00f6vet\u0151 n\u00e9h\u00e1ny napon bel\u00fcl elpusztulnak, vagy miut\u00e1n a talaj t\u00falzott es\u0151 vagy \u00f6nt\u00f6z\u00e9s k\u00f6vetkezt\u00e9ben tel\u00edt\u0151d\u00f6tt. A fert\u0151z\u00f6tt n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek sz\u00e1ra a talaj vonal\u00e1nak k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben vil\u00e1gos- vagy s\u00f6t\u00e9tbarn\u00e1ra sz\u00ednez\u0151dik, \u00e9s puha, v\u00edzzel \u00e1titatott lesz. A fert\u0151z\u00f6tt sz\u00e1rak \u00f6sszeesnek \u00e9s elhalnak. A fert\u0151z\u00f6tt feldolgoz\u00f3t\u00f6k\u00f6k csap- \u00e9s oldalgy\u00f6kerein \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban nem mutatkoznak t\u00fcnetek. A lombozat elhal\u00e1s\u00e1t k\u00f6vet\u0151en a gy\u00f6kerek \u00faj t\u0151k\u00e9ket hozhatnak l\u00e9tre, ha a k\u00f6rnyezeti felt\u00e9telek kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 kedveznek a betegs\u00e9g kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1nak. A fitoft\u00f3r\u00e1s \u00e1tnedvesed\u00e9s a term\u00e9s r\u00e9szleges vagy teljes elveszt\u00e9s\u00e9t eredm\u00e9nyezheti.<\/p><p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Sz\u0151l\u0151foltoss\u00e1g<\/span><br \/>A sz\u0151l\u0151 a veget\u00e1ci\u00f3s id\u0151szak sor\u00e1n b\u00e1rmikor megbetegedhet. A t\u0151k\u00e9ken v\u00edzzel \u00e1titatott s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9sek alakulnak ki. A s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9sek s\u00f6t\u00e9t olajz\u00f6ld sz\u00edn\u0171ek, majd n\u00e9h\u00e1ny nap alatt s\u00f6t\u00e9tbarn\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00e1lnak. A s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9sek k\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00f6lelik a sz\u00e1rat, ami a lombozat gyors \u00f6sszees\u00e9s\u00e9hez \u00e9s elhal\u00e1s\u00e1hoz vezet a s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9s felett.<\/p><p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Lev\u00e9l t\u00fcnetek<\/span><br \/><em>Phytophthora capsici<\/em>\u00a0a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek lev\u00e9lny\u00e9l\u00e9t \u00e9s a lev\u00e9lk\u00e9ket is megfert\u0151zheti. A lev\u00e9lny\u00e9len s\u00f6t\u00e9tbarna, v\u00edzzel \u00e1titatott s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9sek alakulnak ki (hasonl\u00f3an a sz\u0151l\u0151 s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9seihez), ami a lev\u00e9lny\u00e9l gyors \u00f6sszees\u00e9s\u00e9hez \u00e9s a lev\u00e9l elhal\u00e1s\u00e1hoz vezet. A fert\u0151z\u00f6tt lev\u00e9llemezeken 5 mm \u00e9s t\u00f6bb mint 5 cm \u00e1tm\u00e9r\u0151j\u0171 foltok keletkeznek. A fert\u0151z\u00f6tt ter\u00fcletek el\u0151sz\u00f6r klorotikusak, de n\u00e9h\u00e1ny napon bel\u00fcl nekrotikuss\u00e1 v\u00e1lnak, klorotikus vagy olajz\u00f6ld szeg\u00e9lyekkel. Nedves \u00e9s meleg k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt a lev\u00e9lfoltok gyorsan terjednek, \u00f6sszeolvadnak, \u00e9s az eg\u00e9sz levelet bebor\u00edthatj\u00e1k. Sz\u00e1raz k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt a lev\u00e9lfoltok nem terjeszkednek tov\u00e1bb.<\/p><p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsrothad\u00e1s<\/span><br \/>A gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsrothad\u00e1s a gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsk\u00f6t\u0151d\u00e9st\u0151l a betakar\u00edt\u00e1sig b\u00e1rmikor bek\u00f6vetkezhet. A gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsrothad\u00e1s \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban a gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsnek a talajjal \u00e9rintkez\u0151 r\u00e9sz\u00e9n kezd\u0151dik, azonban esetenk\u00e9nt a fert\u0151z\u00e9s a gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcs m\u00e1s helyein is elkezd\u0151dik, ahol a fert\u0151z\u00f6tt levelek vagy a sz\u0151l\u0151 a gy\u00fcm\u00f6lccsel \u00e9rintkezik. A gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcs fels\u0151 fel\u00fclet\u00e9n a t\u00fcnetek es\u0151 vagy fel\u00fclr\u0151l t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 \u00f6nt\u00f6z\u00e9s ut\u00e1n is kialakulhatnak, amikor a k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3t tartalmaz\u00f3 v\u00edz a szomsz\u00e9dos n\u00f6v\u00e9nyekre fr\u00f6ccsenhet. A gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsrothad\u00e1s a betakar\u00edt\u00e1s ut\u00e1n, a sz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s vagy a t\u00e1rol\u00e1s sor\u00e1n is kialakulhat. A gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsrothad\u00e1s \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban v\u00edzzel \u00e1titatott s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9sk\u00e9nt kezd\u0151dik. A s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9sek kit\u00e1gulnak, \u00e9s feh\u00e9r pen\u00e9sz bor\u00edtja \u0151ket. A k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3 a legt\u00f6bb fert\u0151z\u00f6tt gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcs\u00f6n sz\u00e1mos sporangiumot termel. A gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsfert\u0151z\u00e9s gyorsan el\u0151rehalad, \u00e9s a gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcs teljes \u00f6sszees\u00e9s\u00e9t eredm\u00e9nyezi. A Phytophthora lombfoltoss\u00e1g \u00e9s gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsrothad\u00e1s a term\u00e9s teljes elveszt\u00e9s\u00e9hez vezethet.<\/p><h3>K\u00f3rokoz\u00f3 biol\u00f3gia<\/h3><p><em>Phytophthora capsici<\/em>\u00a0a Pythiaceae csal\u00e1dba, a Peronosporales rendbe \u00e9s az Oomycetes oszt\u00e1lyba sorolj\u00e1k. Az Oomycetes nem val\u00f3di gomb\u00e1k, \u00e9s a Stramenopila kir\u00e1lys\u00e1gba sorolt\u00e1k \u0151ket. K\u00f6zelebbi rokons\u00e1gban \u00e1llnak a barna alg\u00e1kkal, mint a val\u00f3di gomb\u00e1kkal. A k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3 aszexu\u00e1lis sporangiumokat \u00e9s k\u00e9tlaki zoosp\u00f3r\u00e1kat, valamint ivaros oosp\u00f3r\u00e1kat termel. A mic\u00e9liumok koenocit\u00e1k (nem szeptikusak).\u00a0<em><u>Phytophthora<\/u><\/em><u>\u00a0capsici 10-36 \u00b0C-on (50-97 \u00b0F) n\u0151, az optim\u00e1lis h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet 24-33 \u00b0C (75-91 \u00b0F).<\/u>\u00a0Ez a k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3 gyorsan n\u00f6vekszik a limabab agaron, \u00e9s a kol\u00f3nia \u00e1tm\u00e9r\u0151je 5 nap alatt el\u00e9rheti a 8 cm-t (3 in.). A telepek n\u00f6veked\u00e9si mint\u00e1zata a pelyhes, sziromszer\u0171, r\u00f3zs\u00e1s, csillag alak\u00fa (csillag alak\u00fa. A sporangiumok (aszexu\u00e1lis term\u0151testek) a\u00a0<em>P. capsici<\/em>\u00a0a sporangiop\u00f3r\u00e1kon (sporangiumtermel\u0151 hif\u00e1k) termel\u0151dnek, \u00e9s t\u00f6bbnyire papill\u00e1sak (kis kerekded kiemelked\u00e9ssel rendelkeznek). A sporangiumok alakj\u00e1t a f\u00e9ny \u00e9s m\u00e1s kultur\u00e1lis k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek befoly\u00e1solj\u00e1k, \u00e9s megjelenhetnek szubg\u00f6mb alak\u00fa, toj\u00e1sdad, obovoid, ellipszoid, fusiform vagy piroform form\u00e1ban. A sporangiumok hossza \u00e9s sz\u00e9less\u00e9ge 32,8-65,8, illetve 17,4-38,7 \u03bcm k\u00f6z\u00f6tt v\u00e1ltozhat. A sporangiumok hossz\/sz\u00e9less\u00e9g ar\u00e1nya 1,3:1 \u00e9s 2,1:1 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt v\u00e1ltozik. A sporangiumoknak hossz\u00fa, 35 \u00e9s 138 \u03bcm k\u00f6z\u00f6tti pedic\u00e9liumuk (sz\u00e1ruk) van. A pedicell\u00e1s sporangiumok sz\u00e9tsz\u00f3r\u00f3dhatnak a sz\u00e9l \u00e1ltal keltett es\u0151ben. Nedves k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt a sporangiumok belsej\u00e9ben zoosp\u00f3r\u00e1k (ivartalan sp\u00f3r\u00e1k) termel\u0151dnek. A zoosp\u00f3r\u00e1k egysejt\u0171ek \u00e9s k\u00e9tsejt\u0171ek.\u00a0<em>Phytophthora capsici<\/em>\u00a0klamidosp\u00f3r\u00e1kat (vastag fal\u00fa ivartalan sp\u00f3r\u00e1kat) is termel, amelyek a mic\u00e9liumon termin\u00e1lis vagy interkal\u00e1ris (sejtek k\u00f6z\u00f6tti) elhelyezked\u00e9s\u0171ek lehetnek. A klamidosp\u00f3r\u00e1k \u00e1tm\u00e9r\u0151je 22 \u00e9s 39 \u03bcm k\u00f6z\u00f6tt v\u00e1ltozhat. A Phytophthora capsici ivaros strukt\u00far\u00e1kat, \u00fagynevezett antheridiumokat \u00e9s oog\u00f3ni\u00e1kat, valamint ivaros sp\u00f3r\u00e1kat, \u00fagynevezett oosp\u00f3r\u00e1kat termel.\u00a0<em>Phytophthora capsici<\/em>\u00a0t\u00falnyom\u00f3r\u00e9szt heterotallikus, k\u00e9t p\u00e1rosod\u00e1si t\u00edpussal, az A1 \u00e9s A2 t\u00edpusokkal. Az antheridiumok amfigin\u00f3zusak (az oogonium t\u00f6v\u00e9n\u00e9l gall\u00e9rt alkotnak, miut\u00e1n a fiatal oogonium \u00e1tn\u0151 rajta), \u00e1tm\u00e9r\u0151j\u00fck 12-21-12-17 \u03bcm. Az oog\u00f3ni\u00e1k g\u00f6mb\u00f6ly\u0171ek vagy szubg\u00f6mb\u00f6ly\u0171ek, \u00e1tm\u00e9r\u0151j\u00fck 23-50 \u03bcm. Az oosp\u00f3r\u00e1k t\u00falnyom\u00f3r\u00e9szt plerotikusak (kit\u00f6ltik az oog\u00f3niumot), falvastags\u00e1guk 2-6 \u03bcm, \u00e1tm\u00e9r\u0151j\u00fck 22-35 \u03bcm.\u00a0<em>Phytophthora capsici<\/em>\u00a0megk\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6ztetik m\u00e1s\u00a0<em>Phytophthora<\/em>\u00a0faj a sporangiumok morfol\u00f3gi\u00e1ja alapj\u00e1n. A sporangiumok\u00a0<em>P. capsici<\/em>\u00a0k\u00e1dasak (k\u00f6nnyen elv\u00e1laszthat\u00f3k a sporangiophor\u00e1kt\u00f3l), hossz\u00fa pedikulussal rendelkeznek, \u00e9s g\u00f6mb\u00f6lydedek vagy hossz\u00fak\u00e1sak, k\u00fapos alappal. A virulencia (a patogenit\u00e1s m\u00e9rt\u00e9ke) \u00e9s a genetika tekintet\u00e9ben jelent\u0151s k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9gek mutatkoznak a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 izol\u00e1tumok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt\u00a0<em>P. capsici<\/em>\u00a0jelentettek. A P. capsici \u00e9s m\u00e1s gomb\u00e1k genetikai vari\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak vizsg\u00e1lat\u00e1ra t\u00f6bb m\u00f3dszer is alkalmazhat\u00f3. A fajok azonos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra a szekven\u00e1l\u00e1s \u00e9s\/vagy a bels\u0151 \u00e1t\u00edrt spacer (ITS) r\u00e9gi\u00f3k restrikci\u00f3s em\u00e9szt\u00e9se haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3. Kifejlesztettek egy specifikus PCR primert (Pcap), amely az iTS primerekkel egy\u00fctt haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k specifikus feler\u0151s\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re\u00a0<em>P. capsici<\/em>. A P. capsici popul\u00e1ci\u00f3k k\u00f6z\u00f6tti genetikai vari\u00e1ci\u00f3 tanulm\u00e1nyoz\u00e1s\u00e1ra az ISSR-amplifik\u00e1ci\u00f3, az AFLP (amplified fragment-length polymorphism), az allozim genotipiz\u00e1l\u00e1s \u00e9s a szond\u00e1val v\u00e9gzett restrikci\u00f3s fragmenthossz\u00fas\u00e1g\u00fa polimorfizmusok haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3k.<\/p><h3>Betegs\u00e9gciklus \u00e9s epidemiol\u00f3gia<\/h3><p><em>Phytophthora capsici<\/em>\u00a0talajban terjed\u0151 k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3, \u00e9s a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt a talajban l\u00e9v\u0151 oosp\u00f3r\u00e1k vagy a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyi t\u00f6rmel\u00e9kben l\u00e9v\u0151 mic\u00e9lium form\u00e1j\u00e1ban marad fenn. Az oosp\u00f3r\u00e1k ellen\u00e1llnak a kisz\u00e1rad\u00e1snak, a hideg h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kletnek \u00e9s m\u00e1s sz\u00e9ls\u0151s\u00e9ges k\u00f6rnyezeti felt\u00e9teleknek, \u00e9s gazdan\u00f6v\u00e9ny hi\u00e1ny\u00e1ban t\u00f6bb \u00e9vig is \u00e9letben maradhatnak a talajban. Az oosp\u00f3r\u00e1k kics\u00edr\u00e1znak \u00e9s sporangiumokat \u00e9s zoosp\u00f3r\u00e1kat termelnek. A zoosp\u00f3r\u00e1k v\u00edzben szabadulnak fel, \u00e9s \u00f6nt\u00f6z\u00e9ssel vagy felsz\u00edni v\u00edzzel terjednek el. A zoosp\u00f3r\u00e1k t\u00f6bb \u00f3r\u00e1n \u00e1t k\u00e9pesek \u00faszni \u00e9s megfert\u0151zni a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyi sz\u00f6veteket. A zoosp\u00f3r\u00e1k el\u0151sz\u00f6r elvesz\u00edtik a z\u00e1szl\u00f3rudaikat, majd enciszt\u00e1znak, sejtfalat k\u00e9peznek, kics\u00edr\u00e1znak \u00e9s megfert\u0151zik a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyi sz\u00f6veteket. A fert\u0151z\u00f6tt sz\u00f6veteken, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen a fert\u0151z\u00f6tt gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcs\u00f6k\u00f6n b\u0151s\u00e9ges sporangiumok termel\u0151dnek. A sporangiumok v\u00edzzel vagy a sz\u00e9l \u00e1ltal keltett es\u0151vel a leveg\u0151ben terjednek. A sporangiumok vagy k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl kics\u00edr\u00e1znak \u00e9s megfert\u0151zik a gazdan\u00f6v\u00e9nyt, vagy kics\u00edr\u00e1znak \u00e9s zoosp\u00f3r\u00e1kat hoznak l\u00e9tre, amelyek a v\u00edzben szabadulnak fel \u00e9s megfert\u0151zik a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyt. A k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3 a gazdaszervezetben n\u00f6vekszik, \u00e9s a fert\u0151z\u00f6tt sz\u00f6vetek felsz\u00edn\u00e9n sporangiumokat termel. Ha a k\u00f6rnyezeti felt\u00e9telek kedvez\u0151ek, a betegs\u00e9g gyorsan kifejl\u0151dik. B\u00e1r a k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3 klamidosp\u00f3r\u00e1kat termel t\u00e1ptalajon, ezek szerepe a k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3 t\u00fal\u00e9l\u00e9s\u00e9ben \u00e9s a betegs\u00e9gek j\u00e1rv\u00e1nytan\u00e1ban nem ismert.\u00a0<u>A talaj nedvess\u00e9gtartalma fontos a betegs\u00e9gek kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1hoz. A sporangiumok akkor k\u00e9pz\u0151dnek, amikor a talaj p\u00f3rusai lecsapol\u00f3dnak, \u00e9s akkor bocs\u00e1tanak ki zoosp\u00f3r\u00e1kat, amikor a talaj tel\u00edtett (a talaj p\u00f3rusai v\u00edzzel tel\u00edt\u0151dnek). A betegs\u00e9g \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban er\u0151s es\u0151z\u00e9sekhez, t\u00falzott \u00f6nt\u00f6z\u00e9shez vagy rosszul lecsapolt talajhoz kapcsol\u00f3dik. A gyakori \u00f6nt\u00f6z\u00e9s n\u00f6veli a betegs\u00e9g el\u0151fordul\u00e1s\u00e1t. A meleg k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek kedvez\u0151ek a betegs\u00e9g kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1hoz.<\/u><\/p><h3>Betegs\u00e9gkezel\u00e9s<\/h3><p>A Phytophthora-fert\u0151z\u00e9s elleni megfelel\u0151 v\u00e9dekez\u00e9shez nem \u00e1ll rendelkez\u00e9sre egyetlen m\u00f3dszer sem. A Phytophthora-fert\u0151z\u00e9s elleni v\u00e9dekez\u00e9shez k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 betegs\u00e9gek elleni v\u00e9dekez\u00e9si gyakorlatok integr\u00e1lhat\u00f3k, bele\u00e9rtve a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 m\u00f3dszereket: kiz\u00e1r\u00e1s, kultur\u00e1lis gyakorlatok \u00e9s vegyszeres v\u00e9dekez\u00e9s. A Phytophthora-fert\u0151z\u00e9s elleni v\u00e9dekez\u00e9s leghat\u00e9konyabb m\u00f3dszere a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k megel\u0151z\u00e9se\u00a0<em>P. capsici<\/em>\u00a0egy nem fert\u0151z\u00f6tt mez\u0151re val\u00f3 k\u00f6lt\u00f6z\u00e9st\u0151l.\u00a0<em>Phytophthora capsici<\/em>\u00a0talajjal, v\u00edzzel \u00e9s\/vagy n\u00f6v\u00e9nyi anyagokkal terjed. Nagyon aj\u00e1nlott a fert\u0151z\u00f6tt ter\u00fcleten haszn\u00e1lt mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi eszk\u00f6z\u00f6ket alaposan megtiszt\u00edtani, miel\u0151tt azokat egy m\u00e1sik ter\u00fcletre vinn\u00e9nk. Ker\u00fclje tov\u00e1bb\u00e1 az olyan v\u00edzforr\u00e1sok (pl. tavak vagy v\u00edzt\u00e1roz\u00f3k) haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1t, amelyekbe a fert\u0151z\u00f6tt sz\u00e1nt\u00f3f\u00f6ldr\u0151l lefoly\u00f3 v\u00edz ker\u00fcl. A v\u00edzforr\u00e1sokat csal\u00e9tkekkel lehet vizsg\u00e1lni a k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3 jelenl\u00e9t\u00e9re.\u00a0<em>Phytophthora capsici<\/em> nem tekinthet\u0151 vet\u0151mag \u00e1ltal terjesztett k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3nak, azonban ker\u00fclni kell a vet\u0151magok olyan sz\u00e1nt\u00f3f\u00f6ldr\u0151l t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 ment\u00e9s\u00e9t, ahol a Phytophthora-fert\u0151z\u00e9s el\u0151fordult.<\/p><h3>Kultur\u00e1lis gyakorlatok<\/h3><p>A k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 termeszt\u00e9si gyakorlatok seg\u00edthetnek a Phytophthora-fert\u0151z\u00e9s kezel\u00e9s\u00e9ben az uborkamez\u0151k\u00f6n. Mivel a\u00a0<em>P. capsici<\/em>\u00a0a talajban t\u00f6bb \u00e9ven kereszt\u00fcl is fennmaradhat, a telep\u00edt\u00e9shez olyan f\u00f6ldeket kell kiv\u00e1lasztani, amelyeken kor\u00e1bban nem fordult el\u0151 Phytophthora-fert\u0151z\u00e9s. B\u00e1r az ubork\u00e1k Phytophthora-fert\u0151z\u00e9s\u00e9nek hat\u00e9kony kezel\u00e9s\u00e9re nem \u00e1llap\u00edtottak meg vet\u00e9sforg\u00f3t, aj\u00e1nlott csak olyan f\u00f6ldeket v\u00e1lasztani, amelyeken legal\u00e1bb 3 \u00e9ve nem termesztettek ubork\u00e1t, padlizs\u00e1nt, paprik\u00e1t \u00e9s\/vagy paradicsomot. Olyan sz\u00e1nt\u00f3f\u00f6ldeket kell kiv\u00e1lasztani, amelyek j\u00f3l el vannak szigetelve a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 betegs\u00e9gekkel fert\u0151z\u00f6tt sz\u00e1nt\u00f3f\u00f6ldekt\u0151l\u00a0<em>P. capsici<\/em>. A magas talajnedvess\u00e9g kedvez a Phytophthora-fert\u0151z\u00e9s kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1nak, ez\u00e9rt j\u00f3l v\u00edzelvezetett f\u00f6ldeket kell v\u00e1lasztani, \u00e9s ker\u00fclni kell a t\u00falzott \u00f6nt\u00f6z\u00e9st. Ker\u00fclni kell tov\u00e1bb\u00e1 az uborkan\u00f6v\u00e9nyek \u00fcltet\u00e9s\u00e9t a sz\u00e1nt\u00f3f\u00f6ld rossz v\u00edzelvezet\u00e9s\u0171 ter\u00fcleteire. A nem sz\u0151l\u0151term\u0151 uborkan\u00f6v\u00e9nyeket (pl. ny\u00e1ri t\u00f6k) k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 25 cm magas, kupola alak\u00fa magas\u00e1gy\u00e1sokba kell \u00fcltetni. A sz\u00e1nt\u00f3f\u00f6ldet rendszeresen ellen\u0151rizni kell a Phytophthora t\u00fcneteinek kimutat\u00e1s\u00e1ra, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen nagyobb es\u0151z\u00e9sek ut\u00e1n, \u00e9s k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen a sz\u00e1nt\u00f3f\u00f6ld alacsonyan fekv\u0151 ter\u00fcletein. Ha a t\u00fcnetek a sz\u00e1nt\u00f3f\u00f6ld egy kis ter\u00fclet\u00e9re lokaliz\u00e1l\u00f3dnak, a fert\u0151z\u00f6tt n\u00f6v\u00e9nyeket a talajba kell sz\u00e1ntani. A n\u00f6v\u00e9nyeket a betegs\u00e9g els\u0151 jelein\u00e9l hat\u00e9kony gomba\u00f6l\u0151 szerekkel kell permetezni. Az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9ges gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcs\u00f6ket a lehet\u0151 leghamarabb el kell t\u00e1vol\u00edtani a fert\u0151z\u00f6tt ter\u00fcletr\u0151l, \u00e9s rendszeresen ellen\u0151rizni kell a betegs\u00e9g kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1t. A k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3 terjed\u00e9s\u00e9nek megakad\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s\u00e1ra a takar\u00f3n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek termeszt\u00e9se \u00e9s\/vagy n\u00f6v\u00e9nyi anyagokkal, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul szalm\u00e1val \u00e9s rozsos b\u00fckk\u00f6nyvel t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 mulcsoz\u00e1s is alkalmazhat\u00f3.<\/p><h3>FieldClimate<\/h3><p>Az FieldClimate modellben a gomb\u00e1s betegs\u00e9gek kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1t mutatja: A modell: Phytophtora Capsici modell Ez a modell a csapad\u00e9k, a leveg\u0151 h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klete, a lev\u00e9lnedvess\u00e9g id\u0151tartama \u00e9s a relat\u00edv p\u00e1ratartalom alapj\u00e1n mutatja a fert\u0151z\u00e9si ar\u00e1nyokat. A fert\u0151z\u00e9sek k\u00e9t k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 form\u00e1ja l\u00e1that\u00f3:<\/p><ul><li>Fert\u0151z\u00e9s makrosporangiumok (zoospor\u00e1k) \u00e1ltal, amelyeket a v\u00edz (heves es\u0151z\u00e9sek a talajban) sz\u00f3r sz\u00e9t.<\/li><li>Fert\u0151z\u00e9s a sz\u00e9l \u00e9s a v\u00edz \u00e1ltal sz\u00e9tsz\u00f3rt sporangiumok \u00e1ltal.<\/li><\/ul><p><u>A talaj nedvess\u00e9gtartalma fontos a betegs\u00e9gek kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1hoz. A sporangiumok akkor k\u00e9pz\u0151dnek, amikor a talaj p\u00f3rusai lecsapol\u00f3dnak, \u00e9s akkor bocs\u00e1tanak ki zoosp\u00f3r\u00e1kat, amikor a talaj tel\u00edtett (a talaj p\u00f3rusai v\u00edzzel tel\u00edt\u0151dnek). A betegs\u00e9g \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban er\u0151s es\u0151z\u00e9sekhez, t\u00falzott \u00f6nt\u00f6z\u00e9shez vagy rosszul lecsapolt talajhoz kapcsol\u00f3dik. A gyakori \u00f6nt\u00f6z\u00e9s n\u00f6veli a betegs\u00e9g el\u0151fordul\u00e1s\u00e1t. A meleg k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek kedvez\u0151ek a betegs\u00e9g kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1hoz.<\/u><\/p><p><em>Irodalom:<\/em><\/p><ul><li>Babadoost, M. \u00e9s S.Z Islam. 2003. Gomba\u00f6l\u0151 szeres vet\u0151magkezel\u00e9s hat\u00e1sa a Phytophthora capsici \u00e1ltal okozott t\u00f6kmagvak nedvk\u00e1rosod\u00e1s\u00e1ra. Plant Dis. 87:63-68.<\/li><li>Erwin, D.C. \u00e9s O.K. Ribeiro. 1996. Phytophthora betegs\u00e9gek vil\u00e1gszerte. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, MN.<\/li><li>Hausbeck, M. K. \u00e9s K. H. Lamour. 2004. Phytophthora capsici a z\u00f6lds\u00e9gn\u00f6v\u00e9nyeken: Halad\u00e1s \u00e9s kih\u00edv\u00e1sok. Plant Dis. 88:1292-1303.<\/li><li>Islam, S.Z., M. Babadoost, K. Lambert, A. Ndeme \u00e9s H.M. Fouly. 2005. Az Illinois \u00e1llamban feldolgozott s\u00fct\u0151t\u00f6kb\u0151l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 Phytophthora capsici izol\u00e1tumok jellemz\u00e9se. Plant Dis. 89:191-197.<\/li><li>Lamour, K.H. \u00e9s M.K. Hausbeck. 2000. Mefenoxam-\u00e9rz\u00e9ketlens\u00e9g \u00e9s a Phytophthora capsici ivaros st\u00e1diuma michigani uborkamez\u0151k\u00f6n. Phytopathology 90:396-400.<\/li><li>Lee, B.K., B.S. Kim, S.W. Chang \u00e9s B.K. Hwany. 2001. A Phytophthora capsici t\u00f6kb\u0151l \u00e9s paprik\u00e1b\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 izol\u00e1tumainak agresszivit\u00e1sa. Plant Dis. 85:797-800.<\/li><li>Leonian, L.H. 1922. A paprika Phytophthora capsici \u00e1ltal okozott sz\u00e1r- \u00e9s gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcsfoltoss\u00e1ga. Phytopathology 12:401-408.<\/li><li>Papavizas, G.S., J.H. Bowers \u00e9s S.A. Johnston. 1981. A Phytophthora capsici szelekt\u00edv izol\u00e1l\u00e1sa talajb\u00f3l. Phytopathology 71:129-133.<\/li><li>Ristaino, J.B. 1990. Interspecifikus vari\u00e1ci\u00f3 a Phytophthora capsici izol\u00e1tumai k\u00f6z\u00f6tt az \u00e9szak-karolinai paprika- \u00e9s uborkamez\u0151kr\u0151l. Phytopathology 80:1253-1259.<\/li><li>Ristaino, J. B. \u00e9s S. A. Johnston. 1999. \u00d6kol\u00f3giai alap\u00fa megk\u00f6zel\u00edt\u00e9sek a Phytophthora blight kezel\u00e9s\u00e9ben a paprik\u00e1n. Plant Dis. 83:1080-1089.<\/li><li>Stamps, D.J. 1985. Phytophthora capsici. Commonw. Mycol. Inst. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria No. 836.<\/li><li>Stamps, D.J., G.M. Waterhouse, F.J. Newhook \u00e9s G.S. Hall. 1990. A Phytophthora fajok fel\u00fclvizsg\u00e1lt t\u00e1bl\u00e1zatos kulcsa. Commonw. Agric. Bur. Int. Mycol. Inst. Mycol. Pap. 162.<\/li><li>Tian, D. \u00e9s M. Babadoost. 2003. Genetikai vari\u00e1ci\u00f3 az Illinoisb\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 Phytophthora capsici izol\u00e1tumok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt. Phytopathology 93:S84. Publik\u00e1ci\u00f3s sz\u00e1m. P-2003-0613-AMA.<\/li><li>Zitter, T.A., D.L. Hopkins \u00e9s C.E. Thomas. 1996. Az uborkabetegs\u00e9gek kompendiuma. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, MN.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-374330e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"374330e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8afc0c7\" data-id=\"8afc0c7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2dbb5b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"2dbb5b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"recommended-equipment\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e33f568 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e33f568\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Aj\u00e1nlott felszerel\u00e9s<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3e35db9 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3e35db9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7c1c7ea\" data-id=\"7c1c7ea\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55d2c02 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"55d2c02\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b><i>Ellen\u0151rizze, hogy melyik \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151k\u00e9szletre van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g a n\u00f6v\u00e9ny potenci\u00e1lis betegs\u00e9geinek megfigyel\u00e9s\u00e9hez.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e157059\" data-id=\"e157059\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b07e59 elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"7b07e59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Crop-solutions-document_2022.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">T\u00c1BL\u00c1ZAT LET\u00d6LT\u00c9SE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chilli, eggplant and paprika disease models Pepper is an important commercial vegetable crop worldwide. Production of pepper is often severely limited by one or more disease problems. This content describes the symptoms of several commonly observed diseases and the models used for its prediction in FieldClimate. ALTERNARIA AND TOMCAST &#8211;Alternaria solani POWDERY MILDEWRISK MODEL GREY [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"on","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-49317","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Disease models - chilli, eggplant and paprika - METOS by Pessl Instruments<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/metos.global\/hu\/disease-models-chilli-eggplant-paprika\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hu_HU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Disease models - chilli, eggplant and paprika - METOS by Pessl Instruments\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Chilli, eggplant and paprika disease models Pepper is an important commercial vegetable crop worldwide. Production of pepper is often severely limited by one or more disease problems. This content describes the symptoms of several commonly observed diseases and the models used for its prediction in FieldClimate. 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